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Human leukocyte antigen-DP in leukemia.

G Pawelec1, G Ehninger, C Müller

  • 1Immunology Laboratory, Medizinische Klinik, Tübingen, Federal Republic of Germany.

Cancer
|February 1, 1988
PubMed
Summary

Human leukocyte antigen-DP (HLA-DP) associations were studied in leukemia patients. HLA-DP alleles were significantly increased in acute lymphoblastic leukemia, suggesting a role in leukemogenesis.

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Area of Science:

  • Immunogenetics
  • Oncology
  • Human Leukocyte Antigen (HLA) System

Background:

  • The human leukocyte antigen (HLA) system plays a crucial role in immune response.
  • Specific HLA alleles are associated with various diseases, including cancers.
  • The HLA-DP region's role in leukemogenesis remains largely unexplored.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between HLA-DP alleles and different types of leukemia.
  • To identify potential HLA-DP related genetic factors influencing leukemia susceptibility.

Main Methods:

  • Human leukocyte antigen-DP (HLA-DP) typing was performed on patients with chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML), acute nonlymphoblastic leukemia (ANLL), and acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL).
  • Allele frequencies were compared between patient groups and a control cohort (n=254).

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  • Statistical analyses, including relative risk (RR) calculations, were used to assess associations.

    • Main Results:

    • No significant differences in HLA-DP allele frequencies were observed between CML and ANLL patients and controls, with a notable absence of DPw1 in ANLL, likely due to linkage disequilibrium with DR3.
    • In contrast, acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) patients showed significantly increased frequencies of DPw2 (RR=2.19) and DPw5 (RR=6.92).
    • A reduced frequency of DPw1 was observed in ALL, but not linked to DR3, suggesting independent associations.

    Conclusions:

    • The study demonstrates distinct associations between HLA-DP alleles and acute lymphoblastic leukemia, but not with chronic myelogenous leukemia or acute nonlymphoblastic leukemia.
    • These findings suggest that the HLA-DP region may harbor genes that influence susceptibility or resistance to acute lymphoblastic leukemia.
    • The HLA-DP region represents a potential area for identifying novel genetic factors involved in leukemogenesis.