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Microbiota of Attine Ants' Gardens: Visualizing a Microbial Landscape by Scanning Electron Microscopy

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Histological and proteome analyses of Microbacterium foliorum-mediated decrease in arsenic toxicity in Melastoma

Sadiya Alka¹, Shafinaz Shahir¹, Norahim Ibrahim¹

¹Department of Biosciences, Faculty of Science, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 Skudai, Johor Malaysia.

|July 5, 2021

Summary

Plant growth promoting bacteria, Microbacterium foliorum, enhance arsenic phytoremediation in Melastoma malabathricum. This study reveals bacterial aid mitigates arsenic

Keywords:

Histological observation Melastoma malabathricum Microbacterium foliorum Protein profiling

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Area of Science:

Environmental Science
Plant Biology
Microbiology

Background:

Arsenic contamination poses a global health and environmental threat.
Phytoremediation offers a sustainable approach to remove toxic metals from soil.
Melastoma malabathricum's potential for arsenic phytoremediation requires further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the efficacy of Microbacterium foliorum in enhancing arsenate phytoremediation by Melastoma malabathricum.
To analyze the histological and proteomic changes in M. malabathricum under arsenic stress with and without bacterial co-treatment.

Main Methods:

Histological analysis using transmission electron microscopy (TEM).
Proteome profiling via two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2D-PAGE).
Comparative analysis of M. malabathricum root cells exposed to arsenic alone versus arsenic plus M. foliorum.

Main Results:

Arsenic exposure severely altered M. malabathricum cell morphology, increasing cell wall thickness and cytoplasmic density.
Co-treatment with M. foliorum significantly mitigated arsenic-induced cellular damage compared to arsenic alone.
Proteomic analysis revealed differential protein expression, with enhanced defense, signaling, and metabolic pathways in plants treated with arsenic and bacteria.

Conclusions:

Microbacterium foliorum effectively enhances arsenic phytoremediation in Melastoma malabathricum.
Bacterial co-treatment modulates plant cellular structures and protein expression to combat arsenic toxicity.
This study highlights the potential of combining plant-microbe interactions for effective heavy metal remediation.