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Association between cardiometabolic risk factors and COVID-19 susceptibility, severity and mortality: a review

Yasaman Sharifi1,2, Moloud Payab3, Erfan Mohammadi-Vajari4

  • 1Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.

Journal of Diabetes and Metabolic Disorders
|July 5, 2021
PubMed

Insights

Cardio-metabolic risk factors like obesity and hypertension worsen COVID-19 outcomes, especially in older adults. Managing these conditions is crucial for better prognosis and reducing mortality during the pandemic.

Area of Science:

  • Epidemiology
  • Public Health
  • Internal Medicine

Background:

  • The COVID-19 pandemic, declared by WHO in March 2020, highlighted the need to understand disease-exacerbating factors.
  • Older populations (60+) often present with cardio-metabolic risk factors, including obesity, hypertension, diabetes, and dyslipidemia.
  • These pre-existing conditions are suspected to worsen COVID-19 prognosis and increase mortality.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review existing literature on the impact of cardio-metabolic risk factors on COVID-19.
  • To assess the effectiveness of COVID-19 management strategies on these underlying conditions.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic review of articles published since the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic.
  • Analysis of studies investigating hypertension, diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia, and obesity in relation to COVID-19.

Main Results:

  • Hypertension, diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia, and obesity were found to exacerbate COVID-19 disease progression through various mechanisms.
  • The inflammatory response triggered by COVID-19 can create a detrimental cycle, complicating the management of these chronic conditions.

Conclusions:

  • Cardio-metabolic risk factors significantly worsen COVID-19 outcomes.
  • Effective management of hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia, and obesity is vital for improving patient prognosis and reducing mortality associated with COVID-19.

Keywords:
COVID-19Cardio Metabolic Risk FactorsDiabetes mellitusDyslipidemiaHypertensionObesity

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