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Alcohol use and interoception - A narrative review.

Paweł Wiśniewski1, Pierre Maurage2, Andrzej Jakubczyk1

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Interoception, the perception of body signals, is impaired in alcohol use disorder (AUD). Lower objective accuracy and higher subjective awareness of bodily signals in AUD individuals highlight the need for further research and targeted therapies.

Keywords:
AddictionAlcohol use disorderInteroceptionInteroceptive system

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Psychiatry
  • Addiction Research

Background:

  • Interoception, the perception of internal bodily signals, is linked to alcohol use disorder (AUD) risk factors like emotion dysregulation and impulsivity.
  • Alcohol's neurotoxicity impacts the interoceptive system, particularly the insula, potentially driving alcohol consumption and addiction progression.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of interoceptive abilities in the development and course of alcohol use disorder (AUD).
  • To evaluate interoceptive accuracy and sensibility in individuals with AUD compared to controls.

Main Methods:

  • Direct evaluation of interoceptive abilities in individuals with AUD.
  • Assessment of interoceptive accuracy (objective) and interoceptive sensibility (subjective).

Main Results:

  • Individuals with AUD exhibit lower interoceptive accuracy, correlating with craving and emotion dysregulation.
  • AUD individuals show higher interoceptive sensibility compared to healthy controls.
  • Therapies targeting interoception show promise in addiction treatment.

Conclusions:

  • Impaired interoception is a significant factor in AUD development and maintenance.
  • Methodological limitations in current interoceptive measures necessitate further investigation.
  • Interoceptive-focused interventions may be beneficial for AUD treatment.