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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Oct 30, 2025

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A microfluidic field-effect transistor biosensor with rolled-up indium nitride microtubes.

Pengfei Song1, Hao Fu2, Yongjie Wang3

  • 1Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto, 5 King's College Road, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3G8, Canada; Department of Mechanical Engineering, McGill University, 817 Sherbrooke Street West, Montreal, Quebec, H3A 0C3, Canada; School of Advanced Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University, 111 Ren'ai Road, Suzhou, 215000, China.

Biosensors & Bioelectronics
|July 5, 2021
PubMed
Summary

This study introduces a novel microfluidic biosensor using rolled-up indium nitride (InN) microtubes for rapid point-of-care diagnosis. The device achieved a highly sensitive detection of HIV antibodies in serum samples.

Keywords:
BiosensorDisease diagnosticsField-effect transistorIndium nitrideRolled-up microtube

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Area of Science:

  • Nanotechnology and Nanoscience
  • Biosensor Technology
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Field-effect-transistor (FET) biosensors offer rapid detection of disease biomarkers for point-of-care (POC) diagnostics.
  • Rolled-up nanotechnology enables batch fabrication of 3D microtube structures advantageous for FET biosensor construction.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a novel microfluidic diagnostic biosensor by integrating FET biosensor technology with rolled-up nanotechnology.
  • To utilize indium nitride (InN) within a rolled-up microtube as the FET channel for enhanced biosensing capabilities.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of rolled-up InN microtube FET biosensors on a single substrate.
  • Integration of microfluidic channels for fluid handling and a shared external electrode for gating.
  • Characterization of biosensor performance using HIV gp41 antibodies as a model biomarker in serum samples.

Main Results:

  • The InN material's intrinsic electron accumulation provided high device sensitivity.
  • Multiple biosensors were integrated with microfluidics and a common gate electrode.
  • A limit of detection (LOD) of 2.5 pM for HIV antibodies was achieved in serum samples.

Conclusions:

  • The developed rolled-up InN microtube FET biosensor is a new type of III-nitride-based biosensor.
  • This technology demonstrates significant potential for practical and sensitive point-of-care diagnostic applications.