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High performance CO2 capture at elevated temperatures by using cenospheres prepared from solid waste, fly ash
Juili S Mankar1, Sadhana S Rayalu1, Rajasekhar Balasubramanian2
1Environmental Materials Division, CSIR-National Environmental Engineering Research Institute, Nehru Marg, Nagpur, 440020, India.
Chemosphere
|July 5, 2021
Summary
Functionalized cenospheres (CS) efficiently capture CO2 from power plant flue gas. This cost-effective, reusable material offers a promising solution for industrial carbon capture.
Area of Science:
- Materials Science
- Environmental Engineering
- Chemical Engineering
Background:
- Cenospheres (CS) are inorganic spherical materials found in coal fly ash.
- Coal-fired power plants generate significant amounts of fly ash containing CS.
- Effective CO2 capture technologies are crucial for mitigating climate change.
Purpose of the Study:
- To develop and evaluate functionalized cenospheres for selective CO2 capture.
- To assess the performance of CS in simulated flue gas conditions.
- To determine the economic feasibility and scalability of CS for carbon capture.
Main Methods:
- CS were functionalized with imidazole and amine groups.
- CO2 and N2 adsorption experiments were conducted at elevated temperatures (333 K) and pressure (1 bar).
- The impact of moisture on adsorption capacity was investigated.
Main Results:
- Functionalized CS demonstrated high selectivity for CO2 (4.68 mmol g-1) over N2 (0.46 mmol g-1).
- Adsorption capacity decreased by 20% with 30% moisture content compared to dry flue gas.
- CS materials maintained their adsorption capacity over 50 reuse cycles.
Conclusions:
- Functionalized CS offer a highly selective and reusable material for CO2 capture from flue gas.
- The proposed CS adsorption system is cost-effective ($12.01/ton CO2) and technically feasible for large-scale manufacturing.
- CS derived from industrial waste present a sustainable solution for industrial CO2 emissions.
