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Impact of Fasting on Cardiovascular Outcomes in Patients With Hypertension

Sabah Hammoud1,2, Mazen Kurdi1, Bart J F van den Bemt2,3,4

  • 1Laboratory of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Sciences, Section 1, Lebanese University, Rafic Hariri Educational Campus, Hadat, Lebanon.

Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology
|July 5, 2021
PubMed

Insights

Different fasting patterns impact hypertensive patients differently. Water-only fasting lowers blood pressure, while Ramadan fasting improves lipid profiles, but results for other parameters vary, necessitating further research on fasting and hypertension.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Metabolic Health
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Fasting is globally practiced for religious and medical reasons.
  • Limited research exists on the cardiovascular effects of various fasting methods in hypertensive individuals.
  • Hypertension management requires understanding lifestyle impacts.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the effects of different fasting patterns on cardiovascular outcomes in patients with hypertension.
  • To synthesize current evidence on Ramadan, intermittent, and water-only fasting in this population.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic literature search of Medline, Embase, and Cochrane Library until March 2021.
  • Inclusion of observational prospective cohort studies.
  • Keywords included "hypertension" and "fasting" (MeSH and text words).

Main Results:

  • Water-only fasting demonstrated reductions in body weight, blood pressure, and lipolytic activity without altering heart rate.
  • Ramadan fasting showed improvements in lipid profiles.
  • Conflicting results were observed for body weight, blood pressure, and heart rate variability with Ramadan fasting.

Conclusions:

  • Water-only fasting appears beneficial for blood pressure and weight in hypertensive patients.
  • Ramadan fasting may improve lipid profiles but has mixed effects on other cardiovascular markers.
  • Further research is crucial to establish the clinical impact of fasting on cardiovascular health in hypertension.

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