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Iron deficiency in proteinuric children with nephrotic syndrome: A cross-sectional pilot study

S Sreekanth1, P Bhatia2, J Meena3

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, Post-Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, 160012 Chandigarh, India.

Archives De Pediatrie : Organe Officiel De La Societe Francaise De Pediatrie
|July 6, 2021
PubMed

Insights

Nephrotic syndrome in children can lead to iron deficiency, affecting over 30% of patients. Early screening for iron deficiency is crucial in managing this protein-losing kidney disease.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Nephrology
  • Hematology
  • Clinical Nutrition

Background:

  • Nephrotic syndrome is characterized by massive proteinuria, leading to protein depletion.
  • Urinary losses of iron, transferrin, and soluble transferrin receptors can cause iron deficiency in these patients.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the prevalence of iron deficiency in children with proteinuric nephrotic syndrome.
  • To assess the relationship between iron deficiency and disease characteristics like steroid resistance.

Main Methods:

  • Cross-sectional study of 52 children (aged 1-12 years) with proteinuric nephrotic syndrome.
  • Evaluated hemoglobin, RBC indices, hypochromic RBCs, reticulocyte hemoglobin content, and serum ferritin.

Main Results:

  • Overall, 32.7% of children had iron deficiency (13% with iron deficiency anemia, 19% with iron deficiency).
  • A trend suggested a higher prevalence of anemia in steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome compared to steroid-sensitive cases.

Conclusions:

  • Iron deficiency is common in children with nephrotic syndrome and warrants routine screening.
  • Monitoring iron status is important for comprehensive management of pediatric nephrotic syndrome.

Keywords:
AnemiaIron deficiencyMinimal change diseaseNephrotic syndromePediatrics

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