Dermoid Cyst with Intracranial Extension Presenting With Headache

Area of Science:

• Neurology
• Dermatology
• Pathology

Background:

• Dermoid cysts (DC) are congenital tumors originating from ectopic skin elements.
• Commonly found on the face, lower back, and ovaries, they are typically benign.
• Intracranial extension of cutaneous dermoid cysts is exceptionally rare.

Observation:

• A 9-year-old boy presented with headache and a palpable scalp mass.
• Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) identified a midline scalp tumor with intracranial involvement.
• The mass was surgically excised, preserving the superior sagittal sinus.

Findings:

• Histopathological examination confirmed the diagnosis of a dermoid cyst.
• The surgical intervention was successful, with no complications noted.
• The patient experienced a full recovery post-operation.

Implications:

• This case underscores the importance of considering rare presentations of common conditions.
• Early diagnosis and surgical management are crucial for favorable outcomes in intracranial dermoid cysts.
• Further research into the embryogenesis and management of extended dermoid cysts is warranted.