Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jul 17, 2026
07:55
Establishment and Propagation of Human Retinoblastoma Tumors in Immune Deficient Mice
Published on: August 4, 2011
12.0K
Retinoblastoma: A Major Review
1Dr Soma Rani Roy, Resident Surgeon, Chittagong Eye Infirmary and Training Complex, Bangladesh;
Mymensingh Medical Journal : MMJ
|July 6, 2021
Summary
Retinoblastoma, a common childhood eye cancer, requires early detection for better outcomes. Advances in treatment improve survival rates, but long-term follow-up is crucial for survivors due to secondary cancer risks.
Area of Science:
- Ophthalmology
- Pediatric Oncology
- Genetics
Background:
- Retinoblastoma is the most frequent primary intraocular tumor in children.
- It affects 1 in 16,000–18,000 live births, representing 11% of infant cancers.
- While often unilateral (60%), bilateral cases (40%) are heritable, with a median diagnosis age of 1 year.
Purpose of the Study:
- To outline the diagnosis and treatment of retinoblastoma.
- To emphasize the importance of early detection and multidisciplinary care.
- To highlight the need for long-term follow-up and genetic counseling for survivors.
Main Methods:
- Diagnosis relies on fundus examination, ultrasonography, and imaging (CT, MRI).
- Treatment strategies are tailored to tumor laterality, size, location, and extent.
- Genetic screening and counseling are vital for heritable forms.
Main Results:
- Early detection and multidisciplinary treatment significantly improve prognosis.
- Survival rates for retinoblastoma have increased due to treatment advancements.
- Survivors face a risk of developing second cancers, necessitating long-term monitoring.
Conclusions:
- Prompt diagnosis and comprehensive management are key to saving the child, globe, and vision.
- Genetic factors, particularly RB1 gene mutations, play a role in heritable retinoblastoma.
- Ongoing surveillance and genetic counseling are essential for retinoblastoma survivors and their families.
Related Concept Videos
01:20The Retinoblastoma Gene
Tumor suppressor genes are normal genes that can slow down cell division, repair DNA mistakes, or program the cells for apoptosis in case of irreparable damage. Hence, they play an essential role in preventing the proliferation of damaged cells.
The first-ever tumor suppressor gene called Rb was identified in retinoblastoma - a rare eye tumor in children. In inherited forms of the disease, a child inherits one defective copy of the Rb gene, which predisposes them to retinoblastoma. However,...
The first-ever tumor suppressor gene called Rb was identified in retinoblastoma - a rare eye tumor in children. In inherited forms of the disease, a child inherits one defective copy of the Rb gene, which predisposes them to retinoblastoma. However,...
01:20The Retinoblastoma Gene
Tumor suppressor genes are normal genes that can slow down cell division, repair DNA mistakes, or program the cells for apoptosis in case of irreparable damage. Hence, they play an essential role in preventing the proliferation of damaged cells.
The first-ever tumor suppressor gene called Rb was identified in retinoblastoma - a rare eye tumor in children. In inherited forms of the disease, a child inherits one defective copy of the Rb gene, which predisposes them to retinoblastoma. However,...
The first-ever tumor suppressor gene called Rb was identified in retinoblastoma - a rare eye tumor in children. In inherited forms of the disease, a child inherits one defective copy of the Rb gene, which predisposes them to retinoblastoma. However,...
01:27Diabetic Retinopathy
DefinitionDiabetic retinopathy is a microvascular complication of diabetes affecting the retinal blood vessels.Risk FactorsDiabetic retinopathy is present in almost all individuals with type 1 diabetes and more than 60% of those with type 2 diabetes after two decades of disease.The risk increases with poor glycemic control, hypertension, dyslipidemia, smoking, pregnancy, and puberty.Although cataracts and glaucoma are also more frequent in people with diabetes, retinopathy remains the leading...