Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Olfaction01:25

Olfaction

46.4K
The sense of smell is achieved through the activities of the olfactory system. It starts when an airborne odorant enters the nasal cavity and reaches olfactory epithelium (OE). The OE is protected by a thin layer of mucus, which also serves the purpose of dissolving more complex compounds into simpler chemical odorants. The size of the OE and the density of sensory neurons varies among species; in humans, the OE is only about 9-10 cm2.
The olfactory receptors are embedded in the cilia of the...
46.4K
Physiology of Smell and Olfactory Pathway01:20

Physiology of Smell and Olfactory Pathway

10.3K
Humans detect odors with the help of specialized cells located in the upper part of the nasal cavity, called olfactory receptor neurons (ORNs). ORNs possess hair-like structures called cilia, which are receptive to sensations from the inhaled air. When an odorant molecule binds to a specific receptor on the cell of the cilia, it leads to a series of events that ultimately cause the ORN to send electrical signals to the olfactory bulb in the brain through the olfactory nerves.
The olfactory...
10.3K
Olfactory Receptors: Location and Structure01:03

Olfactory Receptors: Location and Structure

10.0K
The process of olfaction, also known as the sense of smell, is a sophisticated chemical response system. The specialized sensory neurons that facilitate this process, known as olfactory receptor neurons, are situated in an upper segment of the nasal cavity, known as the olfactory epithelium. Olfactory sensory neurons are bipolar, with their dendrites extending from the epithelium's apex into the mucus that lines the nasal cavity. Airborne molecules, when inhaled, traverse the olfactory...
10.0K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Radiologic Evaluation of Paranasal Sinuses in Sickle Cell Anemia and Thalassemia: Case-Control Study.

Laryngoscope investigative otolaryngology·2025
Same author

Validation of the Arabic Version of Anterior Skull Base Questionnaire 35 (AVQ-35) in Endoscopic Endonasal Resection.

Laryngoscope investigative otolaryngology·2025
Same author

A Novel International Endoscopic Sphenoid Surgery Classification (IESSC): A Delphi Consensus.

International forum of allergy & rhinology·2025
Same author

Outcomes of the Endoscopic Endonasal Approach for the Treatment of Clival Chordomas: A Single-Center Experience.

Journal of neurological surgery. Part B, Skull base·2024
Same author

Impact of Concurrent Chronic Rhinosinusitis on Complication Rates after Endonasal Endoscopic Skull Base Surgery: A Single-Center Experience.

Journal of neurological surgery. Part B, Skull base·2023
Same author

Loss of Vision Outcome for Allergic Fungal Sinusitis: Case Report and Literature Review.

Therapeutic advances in allergy and rhinology·2023

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Oct 29, 2025

Nasal Brushing Sampling and Processing Using Digital High Speed Ciliary Videomicroscopy – Adaptation for the COVID-19 Pandemic
09:03

Nasal Brushing Sampling and Processing Using Digital High Speed Ciliary Videomicroscopy – Adaptation for the COVID-19 Pandemic

Published on: November 7, 2020

5.1K

Screening for Olfactory Dysfunction in COVID-19 Patients Using Quick Smell Identification Test.

Hussain Abdullali Albaharna1, Alya Hassan Alhajjaj1, Hussain Ali Al Shabeb1

  • 1Qatif Central Hospital, Dhahran Jubail Branch Rd, Al Iskan, Qatif, 23654 Saudi Arabia.

Indian Journal of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery : Official Publication of the Association of Otolaryngologists of India
|July 6, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The Quick Smell Identification Test (Q-SIT) effectively screens for olfactory dysfunction (OD) in COVID-19 patients. This objective tool identified a 16.3% prevalence of OD, highlighting its utility in detecting subtle symptoms.

Keywords:
COVID-19OdorOlfaction disordersPrevalenceSmell test

More Related Videos

Simple and Computer-assisted Olfactory Testing for Mice
06:40

Simple and Computer-assisted Olfactory Testing for Mice

Published on: June 15, 2015

10.4K
Author Spotlight: Assessing the Olfactory Effects of Airborne Pollutants — Buried Food and Social Odor Tests
04:00

Author Spotlight: Assessing the Olfactory Effects of Airborne Pollutants — Buried Food and Social Odor Tests

Published on: September 13, 2024

1.1K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Oct 29, 2025

Nasal Brushing Sampling and Processing Using Digital High Speed Ciliary Videomicroscopy – Adaptation for the COVID-19 Pandemic
09:03

Nasal Brushing Sampling and Processing Using Digital High Speed Ciliary Videomicroscopy – Adaptation for the COVID-19 Pandemic

Published on: November 7, 2020

5.1K
Simple and Computer-assisted Olfactory Testing for Mice
06:40

Simple and Computer-assisted Olfactory Testing for Mice

Published on: June 15, 2015

10.4K
Author Spotlight: Assessing the Olfactory Effects of Airborne Pollutants — Buried Food and Social Odor Tests
04:00

Author Spotlight: Assessing the Olfactory Effects of Airborne Pollutants — Buried Food and Social Odor Tests

Published on: September 13, 2024

1.1K

Area of Science:

  • Otolaryngology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Olfactory dysfunction (OD) is a recognized symptom of COVID-19.
  • Objective testing methods are needed to accurately screen for OD in COVID-19 patients.
  • Self-reported symptoms may underestimate the prevalence of OD.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the prevalence of olfactory dysfunction (OD) in confirmed COVID-19 cases.
  • To evaluate the Quick Smell Identification Test (Q-SIT) as a screening tool for OD in COVID-19 patients.
  • To compare Q-SIT results with self-reported olfactory symptoms.

Main Methods:

  • A cross-sectional study was conducted in Qatif, Saudi Arabia, from May to July 2020.
  • Adult hospitalized patients with confirmed COVID-19 were interviewed and administered the Q-SIT.
  • Exclusion criteria included pre-existing olfactory dysfunction and critical cases requiring ICU admission.

Main Results:

  • The prevalence of OD detected by Q-SIT was 16.3%, compared to 27.4% for self-reported symptoms.
  • Females exhibited a significantly higher prevalence of OD (30.5%) than males (11.1%).
  • Ageusia was reported in 31.9% of patients and was significantly associated with OD (P < 0.001).
  • Q-SIT demonstrated high positive (84%) and negative (93%) predictive values.

Conclusions:

  • The Quick Smell Identification Test (Q-SIT) is a validated and practical tool for screening olfactory dysfunction in COVID-19 patients.
  • Objective testing is crucial as some COVID-19 patients may present solely with olfactory dysfunction, potentially going unnoticed.
  • Q-SIT aids in the objective detection of OD, which can be an early indicator of COVID-19.