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Monitoring the Cancer-Immunity Cycle and Exploring Tumor Microenvironment Dynamics
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Autoimmunity and cancer.

Riccardo Masetti1, Alessandra Tiri2, Anna Tignanelli2

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Autoimmunity Reviews
|July 6, 2021
PubMed
Summary

Autoimmune rheumatic diseases increase cancer risk. Chronic inflammation and bidirectional immune responses link autoimmunity and cancer, necessitating further research for targeted screening strategies.

Keywords:
Autoimmune diseaseAutoimmunityCancerRheumatic diseasesScreening

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Area of Science:

  • Rheumatology
  • Oncology
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Autoimmune rheumatic diseases are associated with a higher cancer incidence.
  • The relationship between autoimmunity and cancer is complex and bidirectional.
  • Chronic inflammation and therapeutic interventions in rheumatic diseases may influence cancer development.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the potential mechanisms linking autoimmune rheumatic diseases and cancer.
  • To discuss the association between malignancies and common autoimmune disorders.
  • To highlight the need for further investigation into the underlying biology and development of screening strategies.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of recent advances in biology, epidemiology, and outcomes.
  • Discussion of potential mechanisms connecting autoimmunity and cancer.
  • Analysis of the challenges in developing cancer screening recommendations for patients with autoimmune rheumatic diseases.

Main Results:

  • Chronic inflammation and immune cross-reactivity are proposed mechanisms linking autoimmunity and cancer.
  • The incidence of malignancy is elevated in patients with autoimmune rheumatic diseases.
  • Developing evidence-based cancer screening is complex due to patient heterogeneity and treatment exposures.

Conclusions:

  • Further research is crucial to elucidate the biology connecting autoimmune rheumatic diseases and cancer.
  • Larger longitudinal studies are needed for risk stratification and targeted cancer screening.
  • Understanding these links is essential for improving patient outcomes and developing effective screening protocols.