Related Experiment Video
Updated: Oct 29, 2025
07:56
Scanning Skeletal Remains for Bone Mineral Density in Forensic Contexts
Published on: January 29, 2018
17.8K
What Is New in Pediatric Bone Health.
Jennifer J Beck1, Susan T Mahan2, Philip Nowicki3
1Orthopaedic Institute for Children/UCLA, Los Angeles, CA.
Journal of Pediatric Orthopedics
|July 7, 2021
Summary
Pediatric bone health is impacted by obesity, disparities, and Vitamin D deficiency, increasing fracture risk. Early recognition and intervention are crucial for better outcomes in children.
Area of Science:
- Orthopedics
- Pediatrics
- Endocrinology
Background:
- Pediatric bone health research has focused on nutrition, obesity, ethnic disparities, orthopaedic conditions, trauma, spine issues, and sports medicine over the last five years.
- Key factors influencing pediatric bone health include nutrition, obesity, socioeconomic status, and Vitamin D levels.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review recent research (2015-2020) on pediatric bone health, covering nutrition, obesity, disparities, orthopaedic conditions, trauma, spine disorders, and sports medicine.
- To synthesize current knowledge on factors affecting pediatric bone health and identify areas for future research.
Main Methods:
- A comprehensive literature search was conducted on the PubMed database.
- Keywords included "bone health," "Vitamin D," "pediatric," "obesity," "fractures," "spine," "scoliosis," "race," "ethnicity," and "sports medicine."
- Eighty-five relevant papers published between January 1, 2015, and August 31, 2020, were selected for review.
Main Results:
- Obesity negatively impacts pediatric bone health, with leptin playing a significant role.
- Vitamin D deficiency is linked to increased fracture risk and severity in children, and monitoring aids compliance.
- Disparities in socioeconomic status and ethnicity directly influence bone health outcomes.
- Low Vitamin D levels correlate with low back pain, spondylolysis, and adolescent idiopathic scoliosis, potentially increasing curve progression and surgical risks.
- Increased youth sports participation has led to more bone injuries, with growing understanding of Relative Energy Deficiency in Sport's impact.
Conclusions:
- Enhanced awareness of pediatric bone health issues is vital for improved recognition and treatment.
- Further research is essential for diagnosis, treatment, outcomes, and prevention strategies for pediatric bone diseases.
- Proactive screening and management of factors like Vitamin D deficiency can mitigate complications in pediatric orthopaedic care.
More Related Videos
Related Concept Videos
01:29Bone Disorders
4.4K
Aging and its effect on bone remodeling is the most common cause of bone disorders. In young and healthy people, bone deposition and resorption happen at an equal rate to maintain optimal bone health.
Bone deposition is also affected by the levels of sex hormones like estrogen and testosterone that promote osteoblast activity and bone matrix synthesis. When the level of these hormones decreases due to aging, it causes a reduction in bone deposition. As a result, bone resorption by osteoclasts...
Bone deposition is also affected by the levels of sex hormones like estrogen and testosterone that promote osteoblast activity and bone matrix synthesis. When the level of these hormones decreases due to aging, it causes a reduction in bone deposition. As a result, bone resorption by osteoclasts...
4.4K
01:09Changes in the Appendicular Skeleton with Age
3.0K
The upper and lower limb initially develops as a small bulge called a limb bud, which appears on the lateral side of the early embryo. The upper limb bud appears near the end of the fourth week of development, with the lower limb bud appearing shortly after.
Initially, the limb buds consist of a core of mesenchyme covered by a layer of ectoderm. The ectoderm at the end of the limb bud thickens to form a narrow crest called the apical ectodermal ridge. This ridge stimulates the underlying...
Initially, the limb buds consist of a core of mesenchyme covered by a layer of ectoderm. The ectoderm at the end of the limb bud thickens to form a narrow crest called the apical ectodermal ridge. This ridge stimulates the underlying...
3.0K
01:40Bone Remodeling
39.0K
Bone remodeling is a continuous and balanced process of bone resorption by osteoclasts and bone formation by osteoblasts. In adults, it helps maintain bone mass and calcium homeostasis. While mechanical stress can stimulate turnover as part of the normal maintenance and reparative process, several hormones also regulate bone remodeling.
39.0K
01:27Fractures: Bone Repair
4.1K
Treatment for a fracture is based on the type of break, the bone affected, and the patient's age.
Minor fractures with no bone displacement are treated by immobilizing the fractured bone using a cast or splint. However, in the case of fractures with displaced bones, the broken bones are repositioned before immobilization to ensure successful healing without deformation and loss of function. The realignment of fractured bone ends is performed through a process called reduction. If the...
Minor fractures with no bone displacement are treated by immobilizing the fractured bone using a cast or splint. However, in the case of fractures with displaced bones, the broken bones are repositioned before immobilization to ensure successful healing without deformation and loss of function. The realignment of fractured bone ends is performed through a process called reduction. If the...
4.1K
01:31Osteoclasts in Bone Remodeling
3.4K
Osteoclasts are cells responsible for bone resorption and remodeling. They originate from hematopoietic progenitor cells present in the bone marrow. Numerous progenitor cells fuse to form multinucleated cells, each with 10-20 nuclei. A single osteoclast has a diameter of 150 to 200 µM. These cells have ruffled borders that break down the underlying bone tissue and release minerals such as calcium into the blood in bone resorption. Osteoclasts cling to bones with their ruffled edges during...
3.4K
01:29Bone Formation by Intramembranous Ossification
8.9K
Intramembranous ossification is one of the two processes involved in the development of bones within an embryo. The flat bones of the face, most of the cranial bones, and the clavicles are formed via this process. During intramembranous ossification, the bones develop directly from sheets of undifferentiated mesenchymal connective tissue.
The process begins when mesenchymal cells in the embryonic skeleton gather together and differentiate into osteogenic cells, which then develop into ...
The process begins when mesenchymal cells in the embryonic skeleton gather together and differentiate into osteogenic cells, which then develop into ...
8.9K