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MCP-1: Function, regulation, and involvement in disease.

Sanjiv Singh1, D Anshita1, V Ravichandiran1

  • 1Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Export Promotion Industrial Park (EPIP), Zandaha Road, Hajipur, Bihar, India.

International Immunopharmacology
|July 8, 2021
PubMed
Summary

Monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), or CCL2, is a key chemokine in inflammation. This review explores MCP-1's role in various diseases, including COVID-19, cancer, and cardiovascular conditions.

Keywords:
CCL2COVID-19CancerEndothelial dysfunctionMonocyte chemoattractant protein-1NF-ĸBOxidative stress

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Pathology

Background:

  • Monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), also known as CCL2, is a CC chemokine.
  • MCP-1 plays a crucial role in inflammation by attracting monocytes/macrophages and other inflammatory mediators to sites of inflammation.
  • This infiltration process contributes to the pathogenesis of numerous diseases.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the involvement and role of MCP-1 in various pathological conditions.
  • To highlight MCP-1's significance in diseases such as novel coronavirus (COVID-19), cancers, neuroinflammatory diseases, rheumatoid arthritis, and cardiovascular diseases.
  • To discuss MCP-1 as a potential biomarker for disease severity, particularly in COVID-19.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review focusing on studies investigating MCP-1's function in inflammation and disease.
  • Analysis of research linking MCP-1 levels to disease progression and severity.
  • Synthesis of findings related to MCP-1's role in diverse pathological contexts.

Main Results:

  • MCP-1 is implicated in the pathogenesis of a wide range of disorders through the recruitment of inflammatory cells.
  • Elevated MCP-1 levels are observed in COVID-19 patients and correlate with disease severity, alongside IP-10.
  • MCP-1's involvement spans conditions from cancer and autoimmune diseases to neuroinflammation and cardiovascular pathologies.

Conclusions:

  • MCP-1 is a critical mediator of inflammatory cell migration and a significant factor in the development of multiple diseases.
  • MCP-1 serves as a valuable biomarker for assessing disease severity, especially in infectious diseases like COVID-19.
  • Further research into MCP-1's mechanisms may offer therapeutic targets for inflammatory and related conditions.