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Nutrient Removal by Grain in Modern Soybean Varieties
Michel Esper Neto1, Lorena Moreira Lara2, Silas Maciel de Oliveira1
1Departamento de Agronomia, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Maringá, Brazil.
Frontiers in Plant Science
|July 8, 2021
Summary
Modern soybean varieties in Brazil removed more nutrients, particularly nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, and magnesium, compared to historical types. Plant breeding significantly impacted nitrogen and magnesium grain concentrations over time.
Area of Science:
- Agronomy
- Plant Science
- Soil Science
Background:
- Nutrient removal by soybean grain is critical for efficient agricultural practices.
- Understanding nutrient removal trends informs agronomic recommendations and farmer practices.
- Modern soybean varieties may have altered nutrient uptake and removal compared to historical ones.
Purpose of the Study:
- To assess macronutrient removal in grain by modern soybean varieties in southern Brazil (2007-2016).
- To compare nutrient removal in modern Brazilian soybeans with historical varieties and international data.
- To investigate the impact of plant breeding on nutrient removal over time.
Main Methods:
- Field-based research trial in southern Brazil.
- Analysis of macronutrients (N, P, K, Mg, Ca, S) in soybean grain.
- Comparative analysis with historical data and published literature (post-2007).
Main Results:
- Modern Brazilian soybeans showed increased removal of N (11.1%), P (26.9%), K (45.0%), and Mg (31.6%) compared to historical varieties.
- No yield gains were observed for modern varieties (2007-2016), but grain N and Mg concentrations decreased.
- Brazilian soybeans removed less N (4.3%) and more K (21.4%) than reported in international literature.
Conclusions:
- Modern soybean varieties in Brazil remove more nutrients (N, P, K, Mg) than historical varieties.
- Plant breeding significantly affected grain N and Mg concentrations over a decade.
- Nutrient removal patterns are influenced by an interplay of management, genotype, and environment.
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