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Updated: Oct 29, 2025

An Improved Mechanical Testing Method to Assess Bone-implant Anchorage
Published on: February 10, 2014
Pull-off resistance of a screwless implant-abutment connection and surface evaluation after cyclic loading
Vasilios Alevizakos1, Richard Mosch1, Gergo Mitov2
1Department of CAD/CAM and Digital Technologies in Dentistry, Danube Private University, Krems, Austria.
Purpose:
The aim of this study was to investigate to what extent cyclic load affects the screwless implant-abutment connection for Morse taper dental implants.
Materials And Methods:
16 implants (SICvantage max) and 16 abutments (Swiss Cross) were used. The screwless implant-abutment connection was subjected to 10,000 cycles of axial loading with a maximum force of 120 N. For the pull-off testing, before and after the same cyclic loading, the required force for disconnecting the remaining 6 implant-abutment connections was measured. The surface of 10 abutments was examined using a scanning electron microscope 120× before and after loading.
Results:
The pull-off test showed a significant decrease in the vertical force required to pull the abutment from the implant with mean 229.39 N ± 18.23 before loading, and 204.30 N ± 13.51 after loading (P<.01). Apart from the appearance of polished surface areas and slight signs of wear, no visible damages were found on the abutments.
Conclusion:
The deformation on the polished abutment surface might represent the result of micro movements within the implant-abutment connection during loading. Although there was a decrease of the pull-off force values after cyclic loading, this might not have a notable effect on the clinical performance.
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