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Related Concept Videos

Intermolecular Forces03:13

Intermolecular Forces

64.9K
Atoms and molecules interact through bonds (or forces): intramolecular and intermolecular. The forces are electrostatic as they arise from interactions (attractive or repulsive) between charged species (permanent, partial, or temporary charges) and exist with varying strengths between ions, polar, nonpolar, and neutral molecules. The different types of intermolecular forces are ion–dipole, dipole–dipole, hydrogen bonds, and dispersion; among these, dipole–dipole, hydrogen...
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Intermolecular Forces in Solutions02:28

Intermolecular Forces in Solutions

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The formation of a solution is an example of a spontaneous process, a process that occurs under specified conditions without energy from some external source.
When the strengths of the intermolecular forces of attraction between solute and solvent species in a solution are no different than those present in the separated components, the solution is formed with no accompanying energy change. Such a solution is called an ideal solution. A mixture of ideal gases (or gases such as helium and argon,...
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Intermolecular Forces and Physical Properties02:56

Intermolecular Forces and Physical Properties

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Comparing Intermolecular Forces: Melting Point, Boiling Point, and Miscibility02:34

Comparing Intermolecular Forces: Melting Point, Boiling Point, and Miscibility

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Intermolecular forces are attractive forces that exist between molecules. They dictate several bulk properties, such as melting points, boiling points, and solubilities (miscibilities) of substances. Molar mass, molecular shape, and polarity affect the strength of different intermolecular forces, which influence the magnitude of physical properties across a family of molecules.
Temporary attractive forces like dispersion are present in all molecules, whether they are polar or nonpolar. They...
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Van der Waals Interactions01:24

Van der Waals Interactions

68.1K
Atoms and molecules interact with each other through intermolecular forces. These electrostatic forces arise from attractive or repulsive interactions between particles with permanent, partial, or temporary charges. The intermolecular forces between neutral atoms and molecules are ion–dipole, dipole–dipole, and dispersion forces, collectively known as van der Waals forces.
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Protein-protein Interfaces02:04

Protein-protein Interfaces

14.1K
Many proteins form complexes to carry out their functions, making protein-protein interactions (PPIs) essential for an organism's survival. Most PPIs are stabilized by numerous weak noncovalent chemical forces. The physical shape of the interfaces determines the way two proteins interact. Many globular proteins have closely-matching shapes on their surfaces, which form a large number of weak bonds. Additionally, many PPIs occur between two helices or between a surface cleft and a...
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Temperature-Controlled Assembly and Characterization of a Droplet Interface Bilayer
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Ion Pairing Mediates Molecular Organization Across Liquid/Liquid Interfaces.

Lu Lin1, Azhad U Chowdhury1, Ying-Zhong Ma1

  • 1Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States.

ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
|July 8, 2021
PubMed
Summary

Specific salts dramatically alter molecular self-assembly at liquid/liquid interfaces by influencing ion-pairing and specific ion effects. This understanding is key for designing functional interfaces and controlling chemical reactions.

Keywords:
buried interfacesion pairingnonlinear opticspolymerself-assemblyseparation sciencesurfaces

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Area of Science:

  • Interfacial Science
  • Soft Matter Physics
  • Materials Chemistry

Background:

  • Liquid/liquid interfaces are crucial in diverse applications like nanomaterial synthesis and chemical separations.
  • Their functionality depends on responsiveness to bulk phase conditions, but molecular-level interactions remain poorly understood.
  • Designing functional interfaces requires deeper insight into interfacial flexibility and intermolecular forces.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the self-assembly and structure of ionic oligomers at buried oil/aqueous interfaces.
  • To elucidate the role of specific ion effects and ion-pairing in interfacial behavior.
  • To understand how salts influence molecular conformations and interfacial properties.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized surface-specific vibrational sum frequency generation spectroscopy.
  • Employed atomistic molecular dynamics simulations.
  • Studied model ionic oligomers with an oligodimethylsiloxane tail and a methyl imidazolium head group.

Main Results:

  • Demonstrated that salts induce significant changes in oligomer tail conformations via specific ion effects in the aqueous phase.
  • Observed enhanced amphiphile adsorption and morphological changes at the interface.
  • Showed disruption of hydrogen-bonding structures due to specific ion interactions.

Conclusions:

  • Specific ion interactions at liquid/liquid interfaces profoundly impact molecular self-assembly and interfacial structure.
  • Tuning these interactions allows independent control over molecular conformation and interfacial population.
  • Provides mechanistic insights for designing functional interfaces and controlling interfacial reactions.