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Impact of drains positioning on pulmonary function after coronary artery bypass grafting: an observational study

Débora Santos de Oliveira Gomes1, Elzane Jesus de Almeida Silva1, Josimar Silva E Silva1

  • 1Faculdade Nobre, Feira de Santana, BA, Brazil.

Brazilian Journal of Anesthesiology (Elsevier)
|July 8, 2021
PubMed

Insights

Drains placed after coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) surgery significantly impair pulmonary function. This includes reduced respiratory muscle strength and vital capacity, impacting patient recovery.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiothoracic Surgery
  • Respiratory Physiology

Background:

  • Coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) is frequently associated with postoperative pulmonary dysfunction.
  • The presence of surgical drains is a potential contributing factor to this decline.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To quantify the impact of drain positioning on pulmonary function in patients undergoing CABG.
  • To assess changes in respiratory mechanics related to drain presence and removal.

Main Methods:

  • An observational study evaluated 45 patients undergoing CABG.
  • Preoperative pulmonary function was measured using vital capacity (VC), maximal inspiratory pressure (MIP), maximal expiratory pressure (MEP), and peak expiratory flow (PEF).
  • Measurements were taken with two drains, after removing one drain, and after removing all drains.

Main Results:

  • Drain insertion led to significant postoperative reductions in pulmonary function.
  • Maximal inspiratory pressure (MIP) decreased by 48%, vital capacity (VC) by 39%, maximal expiratory pressure (MEP) by 11%, and peak expiratory flow (PEF) by 6%.

Conclusions:

  • Drain positioning after CABG surgery can cause respiratory muscle weakness.
  • This can alter ventilatory mechanics and impair overall pulmonary function postoperatively.
Abstract

Keywords:
Coronary artery bypass graftingMechanical ventilationMediastinal drainagePleural drainagePostoperative pulmonary complicationsPulmonary function

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