Contrast-induced Nephropathy in Non-cardiac Vascular Procedures, A Narrative Review: Part 1

Area of Science:

• Nephrology
• Vascular Surgery
• Radiology

Background:

• Contrast-induced Nephropathy (CIN) is a significant complication following iodinated Contrast Medium (CM) administration.
• While often studied in cardiac procedures, CIN also occurs after non-cardiac vascular interventions.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review the literature on CIN following non-cardiac vascular procedures for aortic aneurysm and carotid stenosis.
• To discuss CIN's definition, pathophysiology, incidence, risk factors, biomarkers, consequences, and prevention.

Main Methods:

• Narrative review of existing literature.
• Focus on diagnostic or therapeutic non-cardiac vascular procedures.

Main Results:

• CIN is associated with adverse short- and long-term outcomes, including cardiorenal events, extended hospitalization, and mortality.
• Identified risk factors, biomarkers, and consequences of CIN in specific non-cardiac vascular settings.

Conclusions:

• Physicians and vascular surgeons must recognize CM-related risks and employ preventive strategies.
• Further research is essential to better understand and mitigate CIN in these patient populations.