Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Factors Affecting Pulmonary Ventilation01:19

Factors Affecting Pulmonary Ventilation

2.0K
Besides the pressure difference between the external environment and the lungs, the airflow rate and ease of pulmonary ventilation are also influenced by three other factors: surface tension of the fluid in the alveoli, compliance of the lungs, and airway resistance.
Alveolar Surface Tension
The alveolar fluid lines the luminal surface of the alveoli and exerts a force called surface tension. This force is caused by the polar water molecules in the liquid being more strongly attracted to each...
2.0K
Breathing01:05

Breathing

61.3K
The process of breathing, inhaling and exhaling, involves the coordinated movement of the chest wall, the lungs, and the muscles that move them. Two muscle groups with important roles in breathing are the diaphragm, located directly below the lungs, and the intercostal muscles, which lie between the ribs. When the diaphragm contracts, it moves downward, increasing the volume of the thoracic cavity and creating more room for the lungs to expand. When the intercostal muscles contract, the ribs...
61.3K
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease-II: Pathophysiology01:20

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease-II: Pathophysiology

3.5K
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) pathophysiology is intricate and multifaceted, involving a complex interplay of physiological processes. Understanding these mechanisms is crucial for effectively managing and treating COPD. Here is an in-depth look at the critical elements in the pathophysiology of COPD:
Chronic Inflammation
3.5K
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease-I: Introduction01:20

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease-I: Introduction

3.1K
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is a long-lasting respiratory condition requiring continuous attention and care. It is a progressive lung disease that leads to breathing challenges due to airflow obstruction. It manifests as persistent respiratory symptoms and restricted airflow resulting from abnormalities in the airways and alveoli, usually due to long-term exposure to harmful particles or gases. COPD mainly consists of two primary conditions: emphysema and chronic bronchitis.
3.1K
Asthma-I: Introduction01:29

Asthma-I: Introduction

2.9K
Asthma is a chronic respiratory ailment that requires careful management due to its varying symptoms and influencing factors. It is characterized by airway inflammation, bronchial hyperresponsiveness, and reversible airflow obstruction, leading to symptoms like wheezing, shortness of breath, chest tightness, and coughing. The symptom frequency and intensity may vary considerably over time. It is also linked to immune system responses to allergens and irritants, highlighting the complex...
2.9K
Antiasthma Drugs: Leukotriene Modifiers01:19

Antiasthma Drugs: Leukotriene Modifiers

1.1K
Leukotriene modifiers, or cysteinyl leukotriene receptor antagonists, are medications used to manage chronic asthma. These agents target specific inflammatory mediators produced during arachidonic acid metabolism, an essential process in generating inflammation in the body.
Leukotriene modifiers work through two distinct mechanisms:
1.1K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Joint Associations of Prenatal Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances and Metal Mixtures with Adiposity in Childhood and Adolescence.

Environmental science & technology·2026
Same author

Epigenetic gestational age acceleration in cord blood is associated with activated inflammatory gene pathways and childhood asthma.

The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology·2026
Same author

Best-fit heat stress metric for modelling the heat-mortality relation across climatically distinct subregions of Southern California.

Environmental research·2026
Same author

Upper airway microbiome interacts with GSDMB and ORMDL3 asthma risk SNPs to influence early-life wheeze risk.

The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology·2026
Same author

Preconception and early-pregnancy exposure to ambient air pollution and trajectories of depressive symptoms during pregnancy.

Environmental health : a global access science source·2026
Same author

Electric vehicle adoption, gentrification, and housing prices: a longitudinal study in California.

Environmental research communications·2026
Same journal

Corrigendum.

The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology·2026
Same journal

Comparative Efficacy of Biologic Agents for Severe Chronic Rhinosinusitis with Nasal Polyps: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-analysis.

The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology·2026
Same journal

Tamoxifen-driven neutrophil reprogramming protects from pulmonary Granulibacter bethesdensis infection in chronic granulomatous disease.

The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology·2026
Same journal

Clinical and transcriptomic characterization of mixed granulocytic COPD phenotype.

The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology·2026
Same journal

Dupilumab outcomes in pediatric asthma by early eosinophil status: post hoc analysis of VOYAGE/EXCURSION.

The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology·2026
Same journal

Maternal antibiotic exposure alters the newborn metabolomic profile and increases the risk of respiratory infections in offspring: a 13-year longitudinal birth cohort study.

The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Oct 29, 2025

Measuring Carbon Content in Airway Macrophages Exposed to Carbon-Containing Particulate Matters
05:18

Measuring Carbon Content in Airway Macrophages Exposed to Carbon-Containing Particulate Matters

Published on: July 12, 2024

484

Air pollution and lung function in children.

Erika Garcia1, Mary B Rice2, Diane R Gold3

  • 1Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, Calif.

The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology
|July 9, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Air pollution significantly impacts children's lung function and growth. While many studies show adverse effects, further research is needed on reversibility and susceptibility windows.

Keywords:
ChildrenFEV(1)FVCair pollutionbiomassgas stoveslung functionwildfire

More Related Videos

Visualizing Lung Cellular Adaptations during Combined Ozone and LPS Induced Murine Acute Lung Injury
14:48

Visualizing Lung Cellular Adaptations during Combined Ozone and LPS Induced Murine Acute Lung Injury

Published on: March 21, 2021

5.3K
Generation of a Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Model in Mice by Repeated Ozone Exposure
08:17

Generation of a Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Model in Mice by Repeated Ozone Exposure

Published on: August 25, 2017

11.2K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Oct 29, 2025

Measuring Carbon Content in Airway Macrophages Exposed to Carbon-Containing Particulate Matters
05:18

Measuring Carbon Content in Airway Macrophages Exposed to Carbon-Containing Particulate Matters

Published on: July 12, 2024

484
Visualizing Lung Cellular Adaptations during Combined Ozone and LPS Induced Murine Acute Lung Injury
14:48

Visualizing Lung Cellular Adaptations during Combined Ozone and LPS Induced Murine Acute Lung Injury

Published on: March 21, 2021

5.3K
Generation of a Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Model in Mice by Repeated Ozone Exposure
08:17

Generation of a Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Model in Mice by Repeated Ozone Exposure

Published on: August 25, 2017

11.2K

Area of Science:

  • Environmental Health
  • Pediatric Respiratory Medicine
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Childhood lung function is a key indicator of future adult respiratory health.
  • Air pollution, including regulated and unregulated pollutants, poses a significant environmental exposure risk.
  • Recent advancements in exposure assessment tools enable more robust studies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review and update the literature on air pollution exposures and their effects on child lung function and growth.
  • To identify knowledge gaps and areas for future research in pediatric air pollution exposure.
  • To discuss individual, local, and national strategies for reducing air pollution and improving child lung health.

Main Methods:

  • Narrative review of existing literature on air pollution and child lung function.
  • Systematic review of recent studies focusing on long-term exposures.
  • Inclusion of both monitored and unmonitored air pollutants (e.g., wildfires, indoor burning, VOCs).

Main Results:

  • A substantial body of evidence demonstrates adverse effects of air pollution on children's lung function levels and growth.
  • Significant knowledge gaps persist regarding the reversibility of early-life effects and specific susceptibility windows.
  • Long-term impacts of repeated wildfire exposures and the effectiveness of air quality interventions require further investigation.

Conclusions:

  • Air pollution is a critical determinant of child lung health, with widespread adverse impacts.
  • Further research is essential to understand the dynamics of lung function changes and identify effective interventions.
  • Multi-level strategies are necessary to mitigate air pollution exposure and protect children's respiratory health.