Irritable bowel syndrome.

Area of Science:

• Gastroenterology
• Internal Medicine

Background:

• Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a prevalent functional bowel disorder.
• It significantly impacts patients' quality of life and incurs substantial societal economic costs.
• IBS is characterized by abdominal pain, bloating, distention, and altered bowel habits without identifiable structural or biochemical abnormalities.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review current evidence on the epidemiology, risk factors, and pathophysiology of IBS.
• To summarize clinical manifestations, diagnostic approaches, and therapeutic strategies for IBS.
• To provide an overview of dietary, pharmacological, and psychotherapeutic treatment options for IBS.

Main Methods:

• Literature review of current evidence on IBS.
• Synthesis of information on epidemiology, risk factors, pathophysiology, clinical features, diagnosis, and treatment.
• Focus on recent findings and established knowledge.

Main Results:

• IBS affects 5%-10% of the population with a relapsing-remitting course.
• The exact aetiopathogenesis and pathophysiological mechanisms remain unknown.
• A comprehensive review of diagnostic criteria and therapeutic interventions is presented.

Conclusions:

• IBS is a complex disorder with significant patient and societal burden.
• Further research is needed to elucidate its underlying mechanisms.
• Multimodal therapeutic approaches are essential for managing IBS effectively.