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This study introduces a compact metamaterial antenna for CubeSat communication systems. The design enhances UHF signal performance and stability within a small volume.

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Area of Science:

  • Electrical Engineering
  • Materials Science
  • Aerospace Engineering

Background:

  • CubeSats require compact, efficient communication antennas.
  • Metamaterials offer unique electromagnetic properties for antenna miniaturization and performance enhancement.
  • Integration challenges exist between CubeSat structures and onboard subsystems.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To design and analyze a metamaterial-inspired ultra-high frequency (UHF) compact planar patch antenna for CubeSat communication.
  • To ensure seamless integration with standard 2U Cube Satellite structures and subsystems.
  • To evaluate the antenna's performance, including gain, efficiency, and frequency stability.

Main Methods:

  • A two-layer antenna design incorporating meander line patches and a near-zero-indexed metamaterial (NZIM) array.
  • Utilizing an NZIM layer to mitigate coupling effects and improve frequency stability.
  • Performance analysis through impedance stability testing and free-space path loss investigation after integration with a 2U Cube Satellite model.

Main Results:

  • The fabricated antenna operates in the lower UHF band (443.5-455 MHz) with an average peak gain of 2.5 dB.
  • The NZIM layer effectively minimized coupling and enhanced frequency stability.
  • The antenna demonstrated stable impedance characteristics and reliable communication performance post-integration.
  • The antenna occupies a small volume (80 × 40 × 3.35 mm³).

Conclusions:

  • The proposed metamaterial-inspired antenna is suitable for CubeSat communication systems due to its compact size and enhanced performance.
  • The NZIM layer is crucial for achieving improved gain, efficiency, and frequency stability.
  • The design offers a viable trade-off between antenna size and performance for CubeSat applications.