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Antioxidant Barrier and Oxidative Damage to Proteins, Lipids, and DNA/RNA in Adrenal Tumor Patients

Barbara Choromańska1, Piotr Myśliwiec1, Tomasz Kozłowski1

  • 1Department of General and Endocrine Surgery, Medical University of Bialystok, 24a M. Sklodowskiej-Curie Street, 15-276 Bialystok, Poland.

Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity
|July 9, 2021
PubMed

Insights

Patients with adrenal masses show decreased antioxidant capacity and increased oxidative damage. Plasma markers like malondialdehyde (MDA) and DNA/RNA oxidation can help diagnose pheochromocytoma, distinguishing it from other adrenal tumors.

Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Biochemistry
  • Oncology

Background:

  • Adrenal masses encompass various tumors, including incidentalomas, pheochromocytomas, and adenomas, impacting patient health.
  • Redox balance and oxidative stress are implicated in tumor development, but their specific roles in adrenal masses remain unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate redox balance, glutathione metabolism, and oxidative damage markers in plasma and urine of patients with adrenal masses.
  • To identify potential biomarkers for diagnosing specific adrenal tumors like pheochromocytoma.

Main Methods:

  • Assessed antioxidant defense (superoxide dismutase, catalase, reduced glutathione, uric acid) and oxidative damage (AGEs, AOPPs, LOOH, MDA, RNA/DNA oxidation) in 70 patients with adrenal tumors and 60 controls.
  • Collected blood and urine samples pre-adrenalectomy.
  • Analyzed biomarkers including metanephrine levels.

Main Results:

  • Patients with adrenal masses exhibited reduced antioxidant capacity (SOD, CAT, GSH, UA) and elevated oxidative damage (AGEs, AOPPs, LOOH, MDA) in plasma and urine.
  • Plasma MDA and DNA/RNA oxidation products demonstrated high sensitivity and specificity for diagnosing pheochromocytoma.
  • Plasma RNA/DNA oxidation correlated positively with urine metanephrine, aiding differentiation from other adrenal tumors and controls.

Conclusions:

  • Oxidative stress plays a significant role in the pathogenesis of adrenal tumors.
  • Plasma MDA and DNA/RNA oxidation products are promising diagnostic biomarkers for pheochromocytoma.
  • Further research is needed to elucidate the precise role of redox signaling in adrenal masses.

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