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Updated: Oct 29, 2025

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Published on: August 10, 2018
Recent selection of candidate genes for mammal domestication in Europeans and language change in Europe: a hypothesis
Antonio Benítez-Burraco1, Evgeny Chekalin2, Sergey Bruskin2
1Department of Spanish, Linguistics, and Theory of Literature, Faculty of Philology, University of Seville, Seville, Spain.
Background And Aim:
Human evolution resulted from changes in our biology, behaviour, and culture. One source of these changes has been hypothesised to be our self-domestication (that is, the development in humans of features commonly found in domesticated strains of mammals, seemingly as a result of selection for reduced aggression). Signals of domestication, notably brain size reduction, have increased in recent times.
Methods:
In this paper, we compare whole-genome data between the Late Neolithic/Bronze Age individuals and modern Europeans.
Results:
We show that genes associated with mammal domestication and with neural crest development and function are significantly differently enriched in nonsynonymous single nucleotide polymorphisms between these two groups.
Conclusion:
We hypothesise that these changes might account for the increased features of self-domestication in modern humans and, ultimately, for subtle recent changes in human cognition and behaviour, including language.
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