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Importance of Jumping Ability in Handball Throwing Speed and Accuracy
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Phase-Specific Force and Time Predictors of Standing Long Jump Distance.

John R Harry1, John Krzyszkowski1, Luke D Chowning1

  • 1Texas Tech University.

Journal of Applied Biomechanics
|July 9, 2021
PubMed
Summary

This study identified key factors for standing long jump (SLJ) performance in soccer players. Optimizing jump height and reducing eccentric yielding time can improve SLJ distance, while focusing on unloading and concentric forces enhances explosiveness.

Keywords:
ground reaction forceregressionsoccer

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Area of Science:

  • Biomechanics
  • Sports Science
  • Human Movement Analysis

Background:

  • Standing long jump (SLJ) performance is crucial for athletic success, particularly in sports like soccer.
  • Understanding the underlying biomechanical strategies and force-time dynamics can optimize jump performance.
  • Previous research has explored various factors influencing SLJ, but specific force-time metrics require further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify predictors of standing long jump (SLJ) performance using force-time strategy metrics.
  • To investigate the associations between specific force-time variables and SLJ performance metrics (jump distance, modified reactive strength index).
  • To provide targeted recommendations for human performance practitioners to enhance SLJ distance and explosiveness in athletes.

Main Methods:

  • Fifteen NCAA Division 1 male soccer players performed maximal effort SLJs.
  • Three-dimensional ground reaction force (GRF) data were collected during the jumps.
  • Regularized regression models analyzed relationships between force-time metrics and SLJ performance.

Main Results:

  • Jump height and eccentric yielding time were significant predictors of jump distance.
  • Anterior-posterior unloading, average concentric vertical force, and concentric phase duration predicted modified reactive strength index.
  • Distinct variable combinations were associated with jump distance versus explosiveness.

Conclusions:

  • To maximize SLJ distance, interventions should focus on increasing jump height and decreasing eccentric yielding time.
  • To enhance SLJ explosiveness, practitioners should emphasize unloading and concentric force application while reducing concentric phase duration.
  • Targeted training strategies can be designed to improve either SLJ distance or explosiveness independently.