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Simple harmonic motion is the name given to oscillatory motion for a system where the net force can be described by Hooke's law. If the net force can be described by Hooke's law and there is no damping (by friction or other non-conservative forces), then a simple harmonic oscillator will oscillate with equal displacement on either side of the equilibrium position. To derive an equation for period and frequency, the equation of motion is used. The period of a simple harmonic oscillator...
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A compact and stable incidence-plane-rotating second harmonics detector.

S H Kim1, S Jung1, B Seok1

  • 1Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea.

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

We developed a compact, stable optical setup for detecting second harmonic signals using rotating optics and a femtosecond laser. This sensitive system accurately measures material properties, even under extreme conditions.

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Area of Science:

  • Optics and Photonics
  • Materials Science
  • Condensed Matter Physics

Background:

  • Accurate detection of optical second harmonics is crucial for characterizing nonlinear optical properties of materials.
  • Existing setups can be complex, bulky, or lack the stability required for sensitive measurements.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a compact, stable, and sensitive setup for optical second harmonic generation (SHG) detection.
  • To demonstrate the setup's capability in characterizing materials with varying symmetries and under diverse conditions.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized rotating Fresnel rhomb optics to vary the incident plane's angle relative to the sample.
  • Employed a femtosecond ytterbium-doped fiber laser source operating at 10 MHz repetition frequency.
  • Integrated components within a 1 m² area, ensuring high stability with <0.2% intensity fluctuation over 4 hours.

Main Results:

  • Successfully detected an isotropic harmonic signal of 0.5 pW from a gold mirror, demonstrating setup sensitivity.
  • Observed a polarization-dependent six-fold pattern in the second harmonic signal of few-layer tungsten diselenide (WSe₂).
  • Inferred the degree of local-field effects from the observed WSe₂ harmonic patterns.

Conclusions:

  • The developed setup is compact, stable, and highly sensitive for optical second harmonic detection.
  • It is capable of characterizing material symmetries and local-field effects.
  • The setup's design allows for extensibility to investigate samples under cryogenic, strained, ultrafast non-equilibrium, and high magnetic field conditions.