Respiratory Syncytial Virus-Associated Hospitalizations in Children With Neurological Disorders, 2006-2015

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Erica Billig Rose1, Rebecca M Dahl2, Fiona P Havers1

  • 1Division of Viral Diseases, National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, Centers for Diseases Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.

Journal of the Pediatric Infectious Diseases Society
|July 10, 2021
PubMed

Insights

Children with neurological disorders face a significantly higher risk of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) hospitalizations, with rates 6 to 12 times greater than the general pediatric population. These findings highlight the need for targeted RSV interventions for this vulnerable group.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatrics
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Neurology

Background:

  • Neurological disorders are associated with increased risk of severe respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) outcomes.
  • Quantifying this risk is crucial for public health interventions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the risk of RSV hospitalizations in children with neurological disorders.
  • To compare RSV hospitalization rates in this group to the general pediatric population.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized IBM MarketScan Research Databases (Commercial and Medicaid) from 2006-2015.
  • Estimated RSV-specific and RSV-associated hospitalization rates using ICD-9 codes.
  • Calculated relative rates (RRs) comparing children with neurological disorders to a general population sample.

Main Results:

  • Children with neurological disorders had RSV-specific hospitalization rates of 4.2 and RSV-associated rates of 7.0 per 1000 person-years.
  • Relative rates for RSV hospitalization were 10.7 (privately insured) and 6.1 (Medicaid) for RSV-specific, and 11.1 (privately insured) and 6.4 (Medicaid) for RSV-associated.
  • Overall, children with neurological disorders had 6 to 12 times higher risk of RSV hospitalization compared to the general pediatric population.

Conclusions:

  • Children with neurological disorders have a substantially elevated risk of RSV hospitalization.
  • Findings support the need for targeted RSV prevention and treatment strategies for this population.
  • Consideration for RSV interventions should prioritize children with neurological conditions.
Abstract

Keywords:
hospitalizationsneurologic disordersrespiratory syncytial virus

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