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Plasma cytokines during acute human fascioliasis

Catalina Aron-Said1, Martin Montes1,2, A Clinton White3,4

  • 1Instituto de Medicina Tropical "Alexander Von Humboldt" and Facultad de Medicina Alberto Hurtado, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru.

Parasitology Research
|July 10, 2021
PubMed

Insights

Acute fascioliasis in children is linked to significant immune system changes, specifically higher levels of Interleukin-5 (IL-5) and Interleukin-17 (IL-17). These cytokine alterations correlate with eosinophilia, indicating a distinct immune response in acute infection.

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Parasitology

Background:

  • Fascioliasis, a foodborne parasitic disease, disproportionately affects children globally.
  • Understanding the immune response in different stages of fascioliasis is crucial for effective management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate and compare cytokine profiles in children with acute fascioliasis, chronic fascioliasis, and no helminth infection.
  • To determine if acute fascioliasis elicits a more pronounced immune response than chronic infection.

Main Methods:

  • A study involving 33 children from the Peruvian highlands, categorized into acute fascioliasis, chronic fascioliasis, and control groups.
  • Plasma levels of Th1, Th2, and Th17 cytokines were quantified using cytometric bead array analysis.

Main Results:

  • Children with acute fascioliasis exhibited significantly elevated levels of Interleukin-5 (IL-5) and Interleukin-17 (IL-17) compared to the control group.
  • The increased IL-5 concentrations in acute cases were directly associated with observed eosinophilia.

Conclusions:

  • Acute fascioliasis in children is characterized by distinct and heightened Th2 (IL-5) and Th17 (IL-17) cytokine responses.
  • These findings suggest a specific immune activation pattern during the acute phase of human fascioliasis.

Keywords:
FasciolaIL-17IL-5

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