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Isolation of mycoplasmas from bovine semen in Northern Ireland
Abstract:
In a survey of 332 fresh and 137 processed bovine semen samples and 25 preputial washes, mycoplasmas and, or, ureaplasmas were isolated from 46 per cent, 31 per cent and 80 per cent, respectively. Intermittent isolation from different semen collections from the same bull indicated that at least three collections per bull were necessary to determine whether infection was present. When stored processed samples were examined Mycoplasma canadense and M bovigenitalium were isolated from straws taken as long ago as 1975. Addition of lincomycin and spectinomycin to the semen extender eliminated the isolation of mycoplasmas and reduced the rate of isolation of ureaplasmas.
Insights
Mycoplasmas and ureaplasmas are frequently found in bovine semen and preputial washes. Antibiotic additives in semen extenders can reduce the presence of these bacteria, improving semen quality.
Area of Science:
- Veterinary Microbiology
- Bovine Reproductive Health
- Semen Quality Control
Background:
- Mycoplasmas and ureaplasmas are significant reproductive pathogens in cattle.
- Their presence in semen impacts artificial insemination programs and herd fertility.
- Understanding isolation rates and persistence is crucial for effective management.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine the prevalence of mycoplasmas and ureaplasmas in bovine semen and preputial washes.
- To assess the persistence of these organisms in stored semen.
- To evaluate the efficacy of lincomycin and spectinomycin in controlling their isolation.
Main Methods:
- Culturing of mycoplasmas and ureaplasmas from 332 fresh semen, 137 processed semen, and 25 preputial wash samples.
- Repeated sampling from bulls to assess intermittent shedding.
- Microbiological analysis of semen straws stored since 1975.
- Testing semen extenders supplemented with lincomycin and spectinomycin.
Main Results:
- Isolation rates of 46% (fresh semen), 31% (processed semen), and 80% (preputial washes).
- Mycoplasma canadense and M. bovigenitalium detected in semen stored for decades.
- Three semen collections per bull were needed for reliable infection detection.
- Antibiotic additives eliminated Mycoplasma isolation and reduced Ureaplasma isolation.
Conclusions:
- Mycoplasmas and ureaplasmas are common contaminants in bovine semen and preputial washes.
- These organisms can remain viable in stored semen for extended periods.
- Lincomycin and spectinomycin show promise in reducing microbial contamination in bovine semen extenders.