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All blood and immune cells are produced from the multipotent hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) by the process of hematopoiesis. However, they all have a limited life span. In addition, many are depleted in immune surveillance or combatting an injury or infection. This makes blood one of the most regenerative tissues. Hematopoiesis helps replenish these blood and immune cells, restoring the body's normal functioning. However, overproduction of blood and immune cells can make them cancerous or...
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Leukemia stem cell-bone marrow microenvironment interplay in acute myeloid leukemia development.

Yiyi Yao1,2, Fenglin Li1,2, Jiansong Huang1,2

  • 1Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 79 Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, 310003, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China.

Experimental Hematology & Oncology
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PubMed
Summary

Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) survival is poor due to chemotherapy resistance, driven by leukemia stem cells (LSCs) protected by the bone marrow microenvironment (BMM). Targeting the LSC-BMM interaction offers a promising therapeutic strategy for AML treatment.

Keywords:
Acute myeloid leukemiaBone marrow microenvironmentEnvironment-mediated drug resistanceInteractionLeukemia stem cell

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Area of Science:

  • Hematology
  • Cancer Biology
  • Oncology

Background:

  • Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) exhibits unfavorable overall survival due to chemotherapy resistance and high relapse rates.
  • Leukemia stem cells (LSCs) persistence is a primary driver of AML treatment failure.
  • The bone marrow microenvironment (BMM) plays a critical role in hematopoiesis and leukemogenesis, influencing AML progression.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review alterations in the bidirectional interplay between hematopoietic cells and the BMM in normal and AML contexts.
  • To highlight the role of these interactions in AML pathogenesis and chemotherapy resistance.
  • To explore potential BMM-targeted strategies for AML therapy.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review summarizing the interactions between hematopoietic cells and the BMM.
  • Analysis of the role of these interactions in AML development and treatment resistance.
  • Discussion of current and future therapeutic strategies targeting the BMM.

Main Results:

  • AML cells induce a malignant BMM that protects LSCs from chemotherapy.
  • Alterations in the hematopoietic cell-BMM interplay are key to AML pathogenesis and resistance.
  • Targeting the LSC-BMM interaction is a potential strategy to eradicate LSCs.

Conclusions:

  • The bone marrow microenvironment is crucial for protecting leukemia stem cells in AML.
  • Targeting the bone marrow microenvironment presents a promising therapeutic avenue to improve AML outcomes.
  • Further research into LSC-BMM interactions is needed to develop effective treatments.