Fascia Temporalis as Tympanic Graft: A Swedish and German Story

Fascia temporalis is the most widely used graft for reconstruction of the tympanic membrane. Its story began at the turn of the 1960s. Some historical reports credit the American otolaryngologist Lloyd A. Storrs (1922-1989), to be the first user of this material in tympanoplasty in 1961. In fact, this is not quite exact. Based only on primary sources, this study demonstrates that Urban Örtegren (1921-1991), a Swedish otolaryngologist in Lund, began using fascia temporalis to reconstruct the tympanic membrane already in 1957. He was followed by Hans Heermann (1900-1996), a German otologist of Essen in 1958. Fascia temporalis as a tympanic graft is thus a Swedish and German story.