REMODELING OF THE RAT DUODENAL WALL UNDER THE EFFECT OF COMPLEX FOOD ADDITIVES OF MONOSODIUM GLUTAMATE, SODIUM...

Area of Science:

• Gastroenterology
• Toxicology
• Histology

Background:

• Food additives like sodium nitrite, sodium glutamate, and Ponceau 4R are widely used.
• Understanding their long-term impact on gastrointestinal tissues is crucial for public health.
• The duodenum is a key site for digestion and nutrient absorption, making it vulnerable to dietary insults.

Purpose of the Study:

• To investigate the morphometric changes in the duodenal wall of rats following prolonged exposure to a combination of sodium nitrite, sodium glutamate, and Ponceau 4R.
• To assess the adaptive and potentially damaging effects of these food additives on duodenal tissue structure.

Main Methods:

• The study involved 84 adult male rats.
• Rats were administered a daily oral dose of sodium nitrite solution, sodium glutamate (20 mg/kg), and Ponceau 4R (5 mg/kg) in distilled water.
• Morphometric analysis of duodenal wall structural components was performed.

Main Results:

• The complex of food additives induced significant changes in the morphometric parameters of all duodenal wall structural components.
• The observed changes indicated an initial adaptive response aimed at neutralizing the harmful effects.
• However, persistent exposure resulted in predominant dystrophic-destructive alterations, hindering complete tissue recovery.

Conclusions:

• Long-term consumption of sodium nitrite, sodium glutamate, and Ponceau 4R negatively impacts the morphofunctional state of the rat duodenum.
• The duodenal wall exhibits adaptive responses, but these are overcome by continuous exposure, leading to irreversible damage.
• Further research is needed to elucidate the precise mechanisms and long-term health implications.