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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Oct 29, 2025

In situ Quantification of Pancreatic Beta-cell Mass in Mice
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Non-invasive Beta-cell Imaging: Visualization, Quantification, and Beyond.

Takaaki Murakami1, Hiroyuki Fujimoto2, Nobuya Inagaki1

  • 1Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan.

Frontiers in Endocrinology
|July 12, 2021
PubMed
Summary

Non-invasive imaging of pancreatic beta cells is crucial for understanding diabetes. Exendin-based probes targeting the glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor (GLP-1R) show promise for evaluating beta-cell mass (BCM) in vivo.

Keywords:
beta-cell imagingdiabetes mellitusexendinglucagon-like peptide-1islet transplantationpositron emission tomographysingle photon emission computed tomographyβ-cell mass

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Area of Science:

  • Nuclear medicine
  • Medical imaging
  • Endocrinology

Background:

  • Pancreatic beta (β)-cell dysfunction and reduced mass are central to diabetes mellitus development.
  • Current histological analysis of β-cell mass (BCM) is invasive and provides only cross-sectional data.
  • Lack of non-invasive in vivo techniques for β-cell imaging hinders diabetes research and treatment.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent advances in non-invasive in vivo β-cell imaging for BCM evaluation in diabetes.
  • To highlight the potential of exendin-based glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor (GLP-1R) targeted nuclear medicine techniques.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing radioisotope-labeled exendin peptides (agonists/antagonists) with positron emission tomography (PET) and single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT).
  • Employing 111indium-labeled exendin-4 derivative ([Lys12(111In-BnDTPA-Ahx)]exendin-4) for longitudinal BCM tracking in preclinical models.
  • Focusing on GLP-1R targeted probes for high β-cell specificity.

Main Results:

  • Exendin-based probes demonstrate high specificity for β cells, enabling clear imaging of the pancreas and transplanted islets.
  • 111In-labeled exendin-4 derivative successfully tracked longitudinal BCM changes in various mouse models of diabetes.
  • Nuclear medical techniques represent a significant advancement in non-invasive BCM evaluation.

Conclusions:

  • GLP-1R-targeted nuclear imaging is a promising tool for non-invasive BCM assessment in diabetes research.
  • These techniques can improve understanding of BCM's pathophysiological role and aid in developing targeted therapies.
  • Non-invasive imaging facilitates personalized diabetes management and drug development for BCM preservation.