Relationship of superior mesenteric artery thrombus density with transmural intestinal necrosis on multidetector

Wei Tang1,2, Jing Zhang1, Lian-Qin Kuang1

  • 1Department of Radiology, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China.

Abstract

Insights

Higher superior mesenteric artery thrombus density on multidetector computed tomography (MDCT) predicts transmural intestinal necrosis (TIN) in acute mesenteric ischemia (AMI). This finding aids in diagnosing this fatal condition.

Area of Science:

  • Radiology
  • Gastroenterology
  • Vascular Surgery

Background:

  • Acute arterial occlusive mesenteric ischemia with transmural intestinal necrosis (TIN) is a critical condition with diagnostic challenges on multidetector computed tomography (MDCT).
  • Superior mesenteric artery (SMA) thromboembolism is a common cause of acute mesenteric ischemia (AMI).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the correlation between SMA thrombus density measured by MDCT and the presence of TIN in patients with AMI due to SMA thromboembolism.
  • To identify SMA thrombus density as a potential predictor for TIN in AMI.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of 33 patients with AMI due to SMA thromboembolism who underwent MDCT and angiography.
  • Patients were categorized into AMI with TIN and AMI without TIN groups.
  • SMA thrombus density was measured on non-contrast MDCT; univariate, multivariate, and ROC curve analyses were performed to assess risk factors and diagnostic performance.

Main Results:

  • 11 out of 33 patients (33.3%) were diagnosed with TIN.
  • Higher SMA thrombus density was observed in the AMI with TIN group (41.2±6.1 HU) compared to the AMI without TIN group (34.2±3.0 HU) (P=0.003).
  • SMA thrombus density independently predicted TIN (P=0.044) with a higher area under the ROC curve (0.83) compared to other clinical signs.

Conclusions:

  • Increased SMA thrombus density on MDCT, indicative of erythrocyte-rich thrombus, is associated with a higher likelihood of TIN in AMI patients.
  • SMA thrombus density serves as a valuable independent risk factor for predicting TIN in acute mesenteric ischemia caused by SMA thromboembolism.

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