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Epigenetics in Kawasaki Disease

Kaushal Sharma1, Pandiarajan Vignesh1, Priyanka Srivastava1

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, Advanced Pediatrics Centre, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India.

Frontiers in Pediatrics
|July 12, 2021
PubMed

Insights

Epigenetic factors like methylation and micro-RNAs may explain Kawasaki disease (KD) causes. Analyzing these epigenetic mechanisms can lead to better KD diagnosis and targeted treatments.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric rheumatology
  • Immunology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Kawasaki disease (KD) is a critical pediatric illness causing coronary artery inflammation and potential long-term cardiac issues.
  • Genetic predisposition is suggested by familial and ethnic patterns, but environmental triggers like infections are also implicated.
  • The interplay between genetic susceptibility and environmental factors in KD pathogenesis remains unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the role of epigenetic mechanisms in Kawasaki disease.
  • To explore how epigenetic factors like DNA methylation, micro-RNAs, and long non-coding RNAs contribute to KD.
  • To discuss the potential of epigenetics in developing diagnostic biomarkers and targeted therapies for KD.

Main Methods:

  • Comprehensive literature review of studies on epigenetic factors in Kawasaki disease.
  • Analysis of research on DNA methylation, micro-RNAs (miRNAs), and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in KD.
  • Synthesis of findings to understand the link between epigenetics, KD pathogenesis, and clinical applications.

Main Results:

  • Epigenetic modifications, including DNA methylation and non-coding RNAs, are implicated in KD development.
  • These epigenetic factors offer a plausible mechanism connecting genetic predisposition and environmental triggers in KD.
  • Epigenetic alterations show potential as biomarkers for KD diagnosis and prognosis.

Conclusions:

  • Epigenetic mechanisms are crucial in understanding Kawasaki disease pathogenesis.
  • Further research into epigenetic factors can pave the way for novel diagnostic tools and personalized treatment strategies for KD.
  • Epigenetic insights may advance pharmacogenomics for more effective KD therapies.

Keywords:
Kawasaki diseasebiomarkerlong non-coding RNAmethylationmicroRNA

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