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Related Concept Videos

T Cell Types and Functions01:24

T Cell Types and Functions

1.6K
When T cells with CD4 markers are activated, they give rise to two types of effector cells: helper T cells and regulatory T cells. Meanwhile, T cells with CD8 markers differentiate into effector cytotoxic T cells. The differentiation of CD4 T cells into helper T cell subsets, such as Th1, Th2, and Th17 cells, is dependent on the antigen type, antigen-presenting cell, and regulatory cytokines.
Th1 cells stimulate dendritic cells to express necessary co-stimulatory molecules on their surfaces for...
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Updated: Oct 29, 2025

Candidate Gene Testing in Clinical Cohort Studies with Multiplexed Genotyping and Mass Spectrometry
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T cell composition and polygenic multiple sclerosis risk: A population-based study in children.

Casper L de Mol1,2, Kirsten I M Looman2,3, Marvin M van Luijn4

  • 1Department of Neurology, MS Center ErasMS, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.

European Journal of Neurology
|July 12, 2021
PubMed
Summary

Multiple sclerosis (MS) genetic risk influences T cell composition in children. A higher MS polygenic risk score (PRS) was linked to fewer CD8+ T cells, suggesting early immune system alterations.

Keywords:
Epstein-Barr virus infectionsT lymphocytesgenetic association studiesmultiple sclerosisvitamin D

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Genetics
  • Pediatrics

Background:

  • Multiple sclerosis (MS) is characterized by altered T cell function and composition.
  • Genetic risk variants for MS commonly impact immune system proteins.
  • The extent to which genetic factors influence T cell composition before MS onset remains unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between a multiple sclerosis polygenic risk score (PRS) and T cell composition in a general childhood population.
  • To determine if genetic risk factors for MS are detectable in T cell composition during childhood.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized data from the population-based Generation R study, including genotyped children with immunophenotyped T cells at age 6.
  • Employed analyses of variance to assess the impact of MS-PRS on T cell numbers, CD4+, and CD8+ T cell lineages and subsets.
  • Constructed T-cell-specific PRSs based on functional pathway data.

Main Results:

  • A significant negative correlation was found between the MS-PRS and CD8+ T cell frequencies (p = 2.92 × 10⁻³).
  • This correlated with a positive association with CD4+/CD8+ T cell ratios (p = 8.27 × 10⁻⁹).
  • The primary drivers of these associations were the MS risk variants HLA-DRB1*15:01 and an HLA-B risk variant.

Conclusions:

  • Multiple sclerosis-associated genetic variants demonstrably impact T cell composition in childhood within the general population.
  • These findings suggest that genetic predispositions to MS can manifest as altered immune cell profiles early in life.