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Related Concept Videos

Delivery Pathways to the Lysosome01:36

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Eukaryotic cells use different mechanisms to eliminate toxic waste obsolete and worn-out substances. Lysosomes play a pivotal role in this, and hence, these substances are carried to the lysosome from other parts of the cell and extracellular space through different pathways. The most elaborately studied pathways to the lysosome are the endocytic pathways.
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Christian de Duve discovered “autophagy,” a process in which cellular components are engulfed by membrane-bound organelles called autophagosomes. The autophagosomes then fuse with lysosomes to digest the enclosed contents. Autophagy is generally activated in cells to prevent cell death. However, cell death is triggered when the damage is beyond repair.
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Calcium is an essential signaling molecule required for various cellular functions. Calcium pumps and ion channels on cell and organellar membranes, such as those on the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), regulate calcium concentrations inside the cell. They remain closed, keeping the cytosolic calcium levels low at a resting state.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Oct 29, 2025

The Lactate Dehydrogenase Sequestration Assay &#8212; A Simple and Reliable Method to Determine Bulk Autophagic Sequestration Activity in Mammalian Cells
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Lysosomal calcium and autophagy.

Diego L Medina1

  • 1Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine (TIGEM), Pozzuoli, Naples, Italy; Medical Genetics Unit, Department of Medical and Translational Science, Federico II University, Naples, Italy.

International Review of Cell and Molecular Biology
|July 13, 2021
PubMed
Summary

Lysosomal calcium regulates autophagy, influencing cellular processes like TFEB translocation and membrane dynamics. Its dysfunction, seen in mucolipidosis type IV, highlights its critical role in cellular metabolism and lysosomal health.

Keywords:
AutophagyCalcineurinLSDsLysosomal calciumLysosomeMLIVTFEBTPCsTRPML1mTORC1

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Area of Science:

  • Cell Biology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Lysosomal calcium is a key regulator of autophagy and lysosomal function.
  • Dysregulation of lysosomal calcium is implicated in diseases like mucolipidosis type IV.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To discuss novel findings on lysosomal calcium signaling.
  • To re-define the importance of the lysosome and lysosomal calcium in regulating cellular metabolism.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on lysosomal calcium signaling.
  • Discussion of TFEB nuclear translocation, PI3P production, and AMPK activation.
  • Analysis of TRPML1 channel function and its role in disease.

Main Results:

  • Lysosomal calcium modulates autophagy initiation, progression, and termination.
  • It influences TFEB-mediated gene expression and lysosomal biogenesis.
  • Lysosomal calcium is crucial for membrane dynamics, including fusion, fission, and repair.

Conclusions:

  • Lysosomal calcium signaling is central to cellular homeostasis and metabolism.
  • TRPML1 channel dysfunction leads to impaired lysosomal calcium signaling and disease.
  • Further research into lysosomal calcium holds therapeutic potential for lysosomal storage diseases.