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Related Experiment Videos

Mortality in severe depression. A prospective study including 103 suicides.

M Berglund1, K Nilsson

  • 1Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital, Lund, Sweden.

Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica
|October 1, 1987
PubMed
Summary

Severe depression patients experienced excess mortality, primarily from suicide and nervous system diseases in unipolar and physical disorders in bipolar depression. Suicide risk factors varied between genders.

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Area of Science:

  • Psychiatry
  • Epidemiology
  • Clinical Psychology

Background:

  • Severe depression, including melancholia, affects a significant patient population.
  • Long-term mortality outcomes for severe depression require further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate mortality patterns, including suicide rates, in a cohort of psychiatric inpatients with severe depression.
  • To identify demographic and clinical predictors of suicide in patients with unipolar and bipolar depression.

Main Methods:

  • A cohort of 1206 inpatients with severe depression (506 men, 700 women) diagnosed between 1956-1969.
  • Follow-up until December 31, 1983, recording 476 deaths, including 103 suicides.
  • Analysis of diagnostic features and demographic data in relation to mortality and suicide.

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Main Results:

  • Excess mortality was observed, with suicides and nervous system diseases prominent in unipolar depression.
  • Bipolar depression showed increased physical disorder mortality and lower suicide rates (9% vs. 4%).
  • Male suicides were associated with acute onset and marital problems; female suicides with prior attempts. Acute onset predicted early suicide.

Conclusions:

  • Severe depression is associated with significant excess mortality, influenced by disorder type (unipolar vs. bipolar).
  • Specific clinical features differentiate suicide risk, particularly acute onset and prior suicide attempts.
  • Understanding these patterns is crucial for targeted interventions and improved patient outcomes in severe depression.