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Robotics in orthopaedic surgery: why, what and how?
Bernardo Innocenti1, Edoardo Bori2
1BEAMS Department, Bio Electro and Mechanical Systems, École Polytechnique de Bruxelles, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Av. F. Roosevelt, 50 CP165/56, 1050, Bruxelles, Belgium. bernardo.innocenti@ulb.be.
Archives of Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery
|July 13, 2021
Summary
Robotic systems enhance orthopedic surgery precision for joint arthroplasty. Surgeons must weigh benefits like accuracy against costs and learning curves for optimal adoption.
Area of Science:
- Orthopedic Surgery
- Robotics Engineering
Background:
- Robotics in orthopedics is a growing field for both surgical and engineering applications.
- Robotic systems aim to improve precision and accuracy in joint arthroplasty by assisting with bone preparation, limb alignment, and kinematic restoration.
Purpose of the Study:
- To provide an overview of current robotic systems in orthopedic surgery.
- To categorize robots based on operations, requirements, and surgeon interaction.
- To compare existing robotic models and literature findings.
Main Methods:
- Literature review and comparative analysis of robotic surgical systems.
- Categorization of robots into open/closed platforms, image-based/imageless, and active/passive/semi-active types.
Main Results:
- Robotic systems aim to enhance surgical precision and accuracy.
- Surgeons retain control over planning and approval; robots execute directives.
- Adoption involves significant initial investment and a learning curve for staff.
Conclusions:
- Surgeons must carefully evaluate the benefits and drawbacks of different robotic systems.
- Selection of a robotic system should align with individual surgical needs and practice.

