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Why do Americans use marijuana?

Ellen T Kurtzman1, Kelly C Young-Wolff2

  • 1The George Washington University, School of Nursing, 1919 Pennsylvania Ave., NW, Suite 500, Washington, DC, 20006, United States.

Drug and Alcohol Dependence
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Summary

Adults use marijuana for medical, recreational, or both reasons, with prevalence varying by demographics and state policies. Understanding these motivations is key as marijuana laws evolve.

Keywords:
Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS)CannabisHealth policyMarijuana useSubstance abuse

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Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Sociology
  • Cannabis Research

Background:

  • Marijuana is the most frequently used illicit drug in the U.S.
  • Reasons for adult marijuana use remain under-researched.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Examine the prevalence of past-month marijuana use based on user motivations (medical, recreational, or both).
  • Identify demographic and behavioral correlates associated with each reason for use.
  • Analyze the influence of state policy environments on reported reasons for marijuana consumption.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized data from 20 states via the 2017-2019 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System marijuana use module.
  • Employed multinomial logistic regression to identify risk factors for marijuana use by reason.
  • Developed user profiles to illustrate state policy impacts on reported use reasons.

Main Results:

  • Average predicted probabilities for past-month marijuana use were 28.6% for medical, 38.2% for recreational, and 33.1% for both reasons.
  • Demographics (age, gender, marital/employment status, income) and health status were linked to reasons for use.
  • State policies influenced reasons for use in young adult males, but not in older women daily users.

Conclusions:

  • Significant differences exist in characteristics of marijuana users based on their reasons for use.
  • Findings provide a baseline for comparing marijuana use patterns post-legalization amidst evolving state policies.