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Wounds in chronic leg oedema
Ewa Anna Burian1, Tonny Karlsmark1, Susan Nørregaard1
1Department of Dermato-Venereology, Wound Healing Centre, Bispebjerg Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark.
International Wound Journal
|July 14, 2021
Summary
Chronic leg oedema frequently co-occurs with wounds, affecting 12.7% of patients. Effective oedema management significantly reduces wound risk by 50%.
Area of Science:
- Clinical Medicine
- Dermatology
- Vascular Medicine
Background:
- Wounds and chronic leg oedema are prevalent yet infrequently studied together.
- Understanding the interplay between these conditions is crucial for effective patient management.
- Leg wounds in patients with chronic oedema present unique clinical challenges.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine the point-prevalence of leg wounds in individuals with chronic leg oedema.
- To identify independent risk factors associated with the development of leg wounds in this population.
- To assess the impact of oedema control on wound occurrence.
Main Methods:
- A cross-sectional study conducted across forty sites in nine countries.
- Inclusion of 7077 patients diagnosed with chronic leg oedema.
- Statistical analysis to identify independent risk factors and associations using odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI).
Main Results:
- The point-prevalence of leg wounds in patients with chronic leg oedema was 12.70%.
- Key risk factors identified include peripheral arterial disease (OR 4.87), cellulitis (OR 2.69), secondary lymphoedema (OR 2.64), male gender (OR 2.08), and advanced age (OR 1.80).
- Well-controlled oedema was associated with a 50% lower risk of wounds (OR 0.50, P < .001), while hard/fibrotic tissue (OR 1.71) and positive Stemmer's sign (OR 1.57) were associated with increased wound presence.
Conclusions:
- Chronic leg oedema is a significant risk factor for leg wounds.
- Effective management and control of leg oedema are paramount in reducing wound incidence.
- Identifying and addressing specific risk factors can improve preventative strategies for leg wounds in patients with chronic oedema.
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