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Updated: Oct 29, 2025

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Rational design of fluorescent barcodes for suspension array through a simple simulation strategy.

Bo Zhang1, Wan-Sheng Tang1, Shou-Nian Ding1

  • 1Jiangsu Province Hi-Tech Key Laboratory for Bio-medical Research, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China. snding@seu.edu.cn.

The Analyst
|July 14, 2021
PubMed
Summary

A new simulation strategy simplifies the use of quantum dot (QD)-encoded microbeads for optical barcodes in suspension arrays (SA). This method improves high-throughput detection of tumor markers, overcoming previous experimental challenges.

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Area of Science:

  • Nanotechnology
  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Analytical Chemistry

Background:

  • Quantum dot (QD)-encoded microbeads are crucial for suspension array (SA) optical barcodes due to their fluorescence properties.
  • Polydispersity in microbead size, a common issue with membrane emulsification, hinders the application of these barcodes.
  • Existing methods require labor-intensive iterations to address size distribution issues.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a simple simulation strategy to predict the impact of microbead size distribution on barcode signals.
  • To validate the simulation strategy against experimental results.
  • To demonstrate the utility of QD-encoded microbeads and the simulation strategy in high-throughput tumor marker detection.

Main Methods:

  • A multicolor fluorescence model (MFM) was employed for simulation.

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  • Experimental clusters of fluorescent microbeads were generated and compared to simulated barcodes.
  • The system was applied to detect three tumor markers: CEA, CA125, and CA199.

    • Main Results:

    • The simulation strategy accurately predicted the influence of microbead size distribution on barcode signals.
    • Experimental results showed good agreement with simulated barcodes.
    • High-throughput detection of CEA, CA125, and CA199 achieved excellent sensitivity (e.g., 0.028 ± 0.001 ng mL-1 for CEA).

    Conclusions:

    • The developed simulation strategy effectively simplifies experimental processes for QD-encoded microbead applications.
    • This approach overcomes technical and economic barriers, facilitating the widespread adoption of SA technology.
    • The QD-encoded microbeads demonstrate superior performance for ultrasensitive tumor marker analysis.