Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Torque01:10

Torque

16.4K
Torque is an important quantity for describing the dynamics of a rotating rigid body. We see the application of torque in many ways in the world, such as when pressing the accelerator in a car, which causes the engine to apply additional torque on the drivetrain. Here, we define torque and provide a framework to create an equation to calculate torque for a rigid body with fixed-axis rotation.
Torque can be considered as the rotational counterpart to force. Since forces change the translational...
16.4K
Relative Motion Analysis - Acceleration01:10

Relative Motion Analysis - Acceleration

520
A slider-crank mechanism converts rotational motion from the crank into linear motion of the slider or vice versa. This mechanism consists of three main parts: the crank, the connecting rod, and the slider. The movement of the slider-crank is an example of general plane motion as the fluctuating angle between the crank and the connecting rod. Consider a segment AB where point A is at the end of the slider and point B is on the diametrically opposite end to point A, on a crack. The variance in...
520
Angle of Twist: Problem Solving01:13

Angle of Twist: Problem Solving

480
An electric motor applies a torque of 700 N·m to an aluminum shaft, triggering a stable rotation. Two pulleys, B and C, are subjected to torques of 300 N·m and 400 N·m, respectively. The modulus of rigidity is provided as 25 GPa. With the knowledge of the length and diameter of each segment, the twist angle between the two pulleys can be computed. First, a section cut is made between pulleys B and C, and the cut cross-section is analyzed using a free-body diagram. Given that the...
480
Upward Impending Motion01:21

Upward Impending Motion

420
A square-threaded screw jack is a mechanical device widely used for lifting heavy loads or applying considerable force. Its operation is based on converting the force applied at its handle into a torsional moment, causing the upward impending motion of the screw. This movement is accomplished by overcoming the static friction between the threads of the screw and the jack.
To better comprehend how a screw jack functions, consider the completely unraveled thread as a block in contact with the...
420
Rotation with Constant Angular Acceleration - II01:16

Rotation with Constant Angular Acceleration - II

6.4K
Kinematics is the description of motion. The kinematics of rotational motion discusses the relationships between rotation angle, angular velocity, angular acceleration, and time. One can describe many things with great precision using kinematics, but kinematics does not consider causes. For example, a large angular acceleration describes a very rapid change in angular velocity without any consideration of its cause. Thus, rotational kinematics does not represent the laws of nature.
The first...
6.4K
Rolling Without Slipping01:09

Rolling Without Slipping

4.3K
People have observed the rolling motion without slipping ever since the invention of the wheel. For example, one can look at the interaction between a car's tires and the surface of the road. If the driver presses the accelerator to the floor so that the tires spin without the car moving forward, there must be kinetic friction between the wheels and the road's surface. If the driver slowly presses the accelerator, causing the car to move forward, the tires roll without slipping. It is...
4.3K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Simple model for realizing coherent ergotropy in open quantum systems.

The Journal of chemical physics·2026
Same author

Mixing and demixing of binary mixtures of active and passive rodlike particles.

Physical review. E·2026
Same author

Dynamic phases of synthetic bath at negative temperatures.

The Journal of chemical physics·2025
Same author

Solid-liquid transition induced by rigidity disparity in a binary mixture of cell tissues.

Soft matter·2023
Same author

Absolute negative mobility of active polymer chains in steady laminar flows.

Soft matter·2022
Same author

Clonal Spread of 16S rRNA Methyltransferase-Producing <i>Klebsiella pneumoniae</i> ST37 with High Prevalence of ESBLs from Companion Animals in China.

Frontiers in microbiology·2017

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Oct 29, 2025

An Additive Manufacturing Technique for the Facile and Rapid Fabrication of Hydrogel-based Micromachines with Magnetically Responsive Components
08:17

An Additive Manufacturing Technique for the Facile and Rapid Fabrication of Hydrogel-based Micromachines with Magnetically Responsive Components

Published on: July 18, 2018

7.3K

Rotation reversal of a ratchet gear powered by active particles.

Guo-Hao Xu1, Bao-Quan Ai1

  • 1Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Quantum Engineering and Quantum Materials, School of Physics and Telecommunication Engineering, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China. aibq@scnu.edu.cn and Guangdong-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory of Quantum Matter, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China.

Soft Matter
|July 14, 2021
PubMed
Summary

This study shows how active particles can power gear rotation, converting random motion into directional movement. The gear

More Related Videos

Methods for Measuring the Orientation and Rotation Rate of 3D-printed Particles in Turbulence
12:34

Methods for Measuring the Orientation and Rotation Rate of 3D-printed Particles in Turbulence

Published on: June 24, 2016

10.3K
Design and Implementation of a Bespoke Robotic Manipulator for Extra-corporeal Ultrasound
07:41

Design and Implementation of a Bespoke Robotic Manipulator for Extra-corporeal Ultrasound

Published on: January 7, 2019

9.3K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Oct 29, 2025

An Additive Manufacturing Technique for the Facile and Rapid Fabrication of Hydrogel-based Micromachines with Magnetically Responsive Components
08:17

An Additive Manufacturing Technique for the Facile and Rapid Fabrication of Hydrogel-based Micromachines with Magnetically Responsive Components

Published on: July 18, 2018

7.3K
Methods for Measuring the Orientation and Rotation Rate of 3D-printed Particles in Turbulence
12:34

Methods for Measuring the Orientation and Rotation Rate of 3D-printed Particles in Turbulence

Published on: June 24, 2016

10.3K
Design and Implementation of a Bespoke Robotic Manipulator for Extra-corporeal Ultrasound
07:41

Design and Implementation of a Bespoke Robotic Manipulator for Extra-corporeal Ultrasound

Published on: January 7, 2019

9.3K

Area of Science:

  • Physics
  • Active Matter Physics
  • Statistical Mechanics

Background:

  • Active matter systems exhibit nonequilibrium properties.
  • Harnessing random motion for directed work is a key challenge.
  • Ratchet mechanisms can rectify fluctuations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To numerically investigate gear rotation powered by active particles.
  • To explore the conversion of random active particle motion into directional gear rotation.
  • To identify parameters controlling rotation direction and reversal.

Main Methods:

  • Numerical simulations in a circular chamber.
  • Utilizing self-propelling particles in a bath.
  • Analyzing the influence of gear asymmetry and particle persistence length.

Main Results:

  • Achieved net gear rotation due to nonequilibrium properties of active particles.
  • Demonstrated conversion of random particle motion to directional gear rotation.
  • Observed rotation reversal by tuning system parameters like persistence length and particle concentration.

Conclusions:

  • The study successfully demonstrates a mechanism for rectifying random motion in active matter.
  • Gear rotation direction is controllable via particle properties and system parameters.
  • Findings offer insights for experimental designs aiming to harness active matter for directed motion.