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A life table is a statistical tool that summarizes the mortality and survival patterns of a population, providing detailed insights into the likelihood of survival or death across different age intervals within a cohort. By organizing data on survival probabilities and mortality rates, life tables offer a clear snapshot of population dynamics over time. They are extensively used in demography, public health, actuarial science, and ecology to analyze life expectancy, design health interventions,...
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Regularities in human mortality after age 105.

Jesús-Adrián Alvarez1, Francisco Villavicencio2, Cosmo Strozza1,3

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The risk of death stops increasing for the oldest individuals, leveling off around age 105. This finding of mortality patterns is consistent across multiple populations, supporting a regularity in extreme human longevity.

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Area of Science:

  • Demography
  • Gerontology
  • Biostatistics

Background:

  • Empirical research indicates human mortality risk may plateau at advanced ages (around 110).
  • Previous findings on mortality levelling-off are debated due to data scarcity and lack of international comparisons.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate age patterns of mortality above 105 years.
  • To assess the universality of the mortality levelling-off phenomenon across different populations.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized the International Database on Longevity (IDL), a large dataset with over 13,000 validated records of supercentenarians.
  • Analyzed mortality trajectories for individuals aged 105 and above from eight distinct populations.

Main Results:

  • Consistent mortality trajectories were observed across all eight populations studied.
  • Evidence suggests a significant levelling-off of the risk of dying after age 105.

Conclusions:

  • The findings support the hypothesis that mortality risk stabilizes in extreme old age.
  • A universal regularity in mortality patterns for longevous populations is suggested, pending further high-quality data.