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Effects of oleanolic acid on inflammation and metabolism in diabetic rats
Hatice Iskender1, Eda Dokumacioglu1, Kubra Asena Terim Kapakin2
1Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Healthy Sciences, Artvin Coruh University, Artvin, Turkey.
Abstract:
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic metabolic disease that threatens the health of the world population. We investigated the effects of oleanolic acid (OA) administration on inflammation status and metabolic profile in streptozotocin (STZ) induced diabetic rats. Four experimental groups were established: healthy rats not administered OA, healthy rats administered OA, diabetic rats not administered OA, diabetic rats administered OA. OA, 5 mg/kg, was administered by oral gavage for 21 days. Serum samples collected at the end of the experiment and analyzed for toll-like receptor-9, interleukin-18, nuclear factor kappa B, malondialdehyde MDA, glucose, total cholesterol, triglycerides, high-density lipoprotein, low-density lipoprotein, calcium, phosphorus, magnesium and potassium. Pancreas tissue was examined for pathology. Induction of DM caused increased serum concentrations of inflammation and oxidative damage markers. DM also caused hyperglycemia-hyperlipidemia and decreased serum concentration of minerals. The islets of Langerhans were degenerated and necrotic. Administration of OA reversed the adverse effects of DM. OA treatment can ameliorate inflammation and oxidative damage due to DM by normalizing hyperglycemia and decreasing TLR-9, IL-18, NF-κB and MDA levels.
Insights
Oleanolic acid (OA) administration improved inflammation and metabolic profiles in diabetic rats. OA treatment normalized hyperglycemia and reduced oxidative stress markers, offering potential therapeutic benefits for diabetes mellitus.
Area of Science:
- Biochemistry
- Endocrinology
- Pharmacology
Background:
- Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a global chronic metabolic disease.
- DM is associated with inflammation and oxidative stress.
- Streptozotocin (STZ) induced diabetic rats are a common model for studying DM.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the effects of oleanolic acid (OA) on inflammation and metabolic profile in STZ-induced diabetic rats.
- To evaluate OA's impact on oxidative damage markers and pancreatic pathology.
- To determine OA's potential as a therapeutic agent for DM.
Main Methods:
- Four groups of rats were used: healthy control, healthy OA-treated, diabetic control, and diabetic OA-treated.
- OA (5 mg/kg) was administered orally for 21 days.
- Serum analysis included inflammation markers (TLR-9, IL-18, NF-κB), oxidative stress marker (MDA), metabolic parameters (glucose, lipids, minerals), and pancreatic tissue examination.
Main Results:
- STZ-induced diabetes increased inflammation, oxidative damage, hyperglycemia, hyperlipidemia, and decreased minerals.
- Diabetic rats showed pancreatic islet degeneration and necrosis.
- OA administration reversed these adverse effects, normalizing hyperglycemia and reducing inflammation and oxidative stress markers.
Conclusions:
- Oleanolic acid ameliorates inflammation and oxidative damage in diabetic rats.
- OA treatment normalizes hyperglycemia and key inflammatory and oxidative stress markers.
- OA demonstrates therapeutic potential for managing diabetes mellitus complications.
