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Integrated whole transcriptome and small RNA analysis revealed multiple regulatory networks in colorectal cancer

Hibah Shaath1,2, Salman M Toor1, Mohamed Abu Nada3

  • 1College of Health and Life Sciences, Hamad Bin Khalifa University (HBKU), Qatar Foundation (QF), Doha, Qatar.

Scientific Reports
|July 15, 2021
PubMed

Insights

This study reveals key molecular players in colorectal cancer (CRC) by analyzing messenger RNA (mRNA), long non-coding RNA (lncRNA), and microRNA (miRNA) expression. Findings illuminate complex regulatory networks crucial for understanding CRC progression and developing new therapies.

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Genomics

Background:

  • Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a major global health challenge, necessitating deeper molecular insights for improved diagnostics and therapeutics.
  • Understanding the roles of non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) like microRNAs (miRNAs) and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) alongside messenger RNAs (mRNAs) is critical for CRC research.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To comprehensively analyze the dysregulated expression of mRNA, lncRNA, and miRNA in colorectal cancer tissues.
  • To elucidate the complex molecular interactions and signaling networks underlying CRC pathogenesis.
  • To identify potential novel biomarkers and therapeutic targets for colorectal cancer.

Main Methods:

  • Performed miRNA sequencing on 15 paired CRC and adjacent non-tumor tissues.
  • Conducted whole transcriptome RNA-Seq on 6 paired samples.
  • Utilized Ingenuity Pathway Analysis (IPA), in silico prediction, and validated databases for computational analysis.

Main Results:

  • Identified significant alterations in miRNA, mRNA, and lncRNA expression profiles in CRC.
  • Revealed activated signaling networks (e.g., ERBB2, RABL6, FOXM1, NFKB) and highlighted cell proliferation and migration as key CRC hallmarks.
  • Uncovered intricate interactions between differentially expressed miRNAs, mRNAs, and lncRNAs (e.g., H19, SNHG5, GATA2-AS1).

Conclusions:

  • The study provides a detailed analysis of dysregulated non-coding and protein-coding RNAs in CRC.
  • Elucidated numerous associations and regulatory networks, enhancing the understanding of colorectal cancer biology.
  • Offers insights into potential diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic strategies for CRC.

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