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Autonomic Nervous System Function in Anorexia Nervosa: A Systematic Review
Zoe M Jenkins1,2,3, Nina Eikelis1, Andrea Phillipou2,3,4,5
1Iverson Health Innovation Research Institute, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
Frontiers in Neuroscience
|July 15, 2021
Summary
Individuals with anorexia nervosa (AN) show autonomic nervous system (ANS) dysregulation, with increased parasympathetic and decreased sympathetic activity. Weight restoration appears to normalize ANS function, suggesting a reversible condition.
Area of Science:
- Cardiology
- Neuroscience
- Psychiatry
Background:
- Autonomic nervous system (ANS) dysfunction is implicated in cardiovascular complications in anorexia nervosa (AN).
- Evidence on basal ANS function in AN, both current and weight-restored, requires synthesis.
- This review systematically examines ANS function in individuals diagnosed with AN.
Approach:
- A systematic review of 46 studies from nine databases was conducted.
- Included studies assessed ANS function in individuals with current or previous AN diagnoses.
- Data from 811 individuals with current AN and 123 with previous AN were analyzed.
Key Points:
- Individuals with AN exhibit increased parasympathetic and decreased sympathetic activity, indicating autonomic dysregulation.
- Assessments included heart rate variability, orthostatic challenges, baroreflex sensitivity, adrenergic activity, and skin conductance.
- Autonomic function approached or reached control levels after weight restoration.
Conclusions:
- Autonomic dysregulation is evident in individuals with AN across various assessment methods.
- Further research should integrate multiple ANS assessments to define dysfunction in AN.
- Investigating the link between ANS function and cardiovascular risk in AN is crucial.
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