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Genome editing in cereal crops: an overview.
Jerlie Mhay Matres1, Julia Hilscher2, Akash Datta1
1Genetic Design and Validation Unit, International Rice Research Institute, Los Banos, Philippines.
Transgenic Research
|July 15, 2021
Summary
Genome editing revolutionizes cereal crop improvement, enhancing traits like climate adaptation and yield in rice, maize, wheat, and barley. Challenges remain, but the technology is key for future agriculture.
Area of Science:
- Agricultural Science
- Plant Biotechnology
- Genetics
Background:
- Genome editing offers precise and rapid crop improvement.
- Cereal crops like rice, maize, wheat, and barley are vital global food sources.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the current applications of genome editing in major cereal crops.
- To analyze the achievements and challenges of using genome editing for crop enhancement.
Main Methods:
- Literature review and analysis of published research on genome editing in cereals.
- Synthesis of data on achieved agronomic and quality traits.
Main Results:
- Genome editing has successfully improved adaptive traits for climate change mitigation, biotic stress tolerance, yield, plant architecture, grain quality, and nutritional content.
- Key cereal crops benefiting include rice, maize, wheat, and barley.
- Technical and regulatory hurdles still need to be addressed for full potential realization.
Conclusions:
- Genome editing has already transformed cereal crop improvement.
- The technology is set to significantly influence future agricultural practices alongside other breeding innovations.
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