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Related Concept Videos

Tumor Immunotherapy01:27

Tumor Immunotherapy

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Immunotherapy is a treatment that boosts or manipulates the immune system to fight diseases, including cancer. For instance, by stimulating an immune response through vaccinations against viruses that cause cancers, like hepatitis B virus and human papillomavirus, these diseases can be prevented. Nonetheless, some cancer cells can avoid the immune system due to their rapid mutation and division. The immune response to many cancers involves three phases: elimination, equilibrium, and escape.
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Cancer Vaccines01:30

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Cancer treatment vaccines are a rapidly evolving field that offers a promising approach to immunotherapy. Unlike traditional vaccines that prevent diseases, cancer treatment vaccines are designed to treat existing cancers by stimulating the immune system to recognize and attack cancer cells.
Cancer vaccines come in two categories: preventive (prophylactic) and treatment (active). Preventive vaccines, such as the Human Papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine, protect against viruses that cause certain...
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Targeted Cancer Therapies02:57

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The targeted cancer therapies, also known as “molecular targeted therapies,” take advantage of the molecular and genetic differences between the cancer cells and the normal cells. It needs a thorough understanding of the cancer cells to develop drugs that can target specific molecular aspects that drive the growth, progression, and spread of cancer cells without affecting the growth and survival of other normal cells in the body.
There are several types of targeted therapies against...
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Treatment Resistant Cancers02:56

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Cancer is the second leading cause of death in the United States. A cancer cell is genetically unstable and hence can mutate faster. They can also modify their microenvironment and escape immune surveillance. The difficulties in treating cancer are further compounded by the emergence of rapid resistance to anticancer drugs. The most common ways to attain resistance in cancer cells include alteration in drug transport and metabolism, modification of drug target, elevated DNA damage response, or...
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Advances in Immunotherapy for Diffuse Large B Cell Lymphoma.

Geoffrey Shouse1, Alex F Herrera2

  • 1Department of Hematology and Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation, City of Hope, 1500 E. Duarte Road, Duarte, CA, 91010, USA.

Biodrugs : Clinical Immunotherapeutics, Biopharmaceuticals and Gene Therapy
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Novel immunotherapies offer new hope for relapsed or refractory diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL). Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells show promise as third-line therapy for DLBCL patients.

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Area of Science:

  • Hematology
  • Oncology
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is a heterogeneous hematologic malignancy.
  • Current standard treatment involves chemo-immunotherapy with rituximab, achieving cures in approximately two-thirds of patients.
  • A significant proportion of patients develop relapsed or refractory (r/r) DLBCL, necessitating alternative treatment strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review novel immunotherapies for the treatment of r/r DLBCL.
  • To discuss the expanding landscape of treatment options, including monoclonal antibodies, antibody-drug conjugates, bispecific antibodies, and chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells.
  • To provide guidance on the optimal timing and indications for these emerging immunotherapies in clinical practice.

Main Methods:

  • Review of recent scientific literature and clinical trial data on novel immunotherapies for DLBCL.
  • Analysis of the efficacy and safety profiles of various immunotherapeutic agents.
  • Discussion of treatment algorithms and decision-making processes for r/r DLBCL.

Main Results:

  • A proliferation of novel immunotherapies has expanded treatment options for r/r DLBCL.
  • Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells demonstrate potential for durable responses and broad eligibility, supporting their use as third-line therapy.
  • Other immunotherapies may be valuable in specific scenarios, such as for patients ineligible for ASCT or CAR T cells, as bridging therapy, or after CAR T cell failure.

Conclusions:

  • While no new agents have yet replaced standard salvage therapy followed by autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT) for first relapse, novel immunotherapies offer significant advancements.
  • CAR T cells represent a promising option for third-line treatment in r/r DLBCL.
  • Careful consideration of patient-specific factors and treatment sequencing is crucial for optimizing outcomes with these evolving therapies.