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Ear, Nose, and Throat Manifestations of COVID-19 in Children

Banu Kumar, Patrick Scheffler

    Pediatric Annals
    |July 15, 2021
    PubMed

    Insights

    This review found that while fever and cough are common, ear, nose, and throat (ENT) symptoms like nasal congestion and sore throat are also frequently observed in children with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).

    Area of Science:

    • Pediatric infectious diseases
    • Otolaryngology
    • Viral respiratory illnesses

    Background:

    • Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has diverse clinical presentations.
    • Understanding COVID-19 manifestations in pediatric populations is crucial for diagnosis and management.
    • Ear, nose, and throat (ENT) symptoms are recognized but less systematically studied in children.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To systematically review and analyze ENT-related manifestations in pediatric patients diagnosed with COVID-19.
    • To identify the prevalence and types of ENT symptoms reported in children with COVID-19 based on published literature.

    Main Methods:

    • A comprehensive literature search was conducted on the PubMed database.
    • Included peer-reviewed articles in English focusing on ENT symptoms in pediatric COVID-19 patients.
    • Excluded case reports and articles in press; analyzed data from 23 studies involving 1,140 children.

    Main Results:

    • The most common symptoms in pediatric COVID-19 patients were fever (48%) and cough (37%).
    • Nasal symptoms (congestion, rhinorrhea) and sore throat were reported in approximately 22% of cases.
    • Less frequent ENT symptoms included otitis, dizziness, anosmia, and ageusia.

    Conclusions:

    • ENT manifestations are common in pediatric patients with COVID-19, alongside systemic symptoms like fever and cough.
    • Nasal symptoms and sore throat are significant findings in children with COVID-19.
    • The study highlights the importance of considering ENT symptoms in the clinical evaluation of pediatric COVID-19 cases.

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